Question 1

Which is not a glucocorticoid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrocortisone
B)  Cortisol
C)  Corticosterone
D)  Aldosterone
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 2

The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Hyperthyroidism can be treated by surgical removal of the thyroid gland or by intravenous injection of radioactive iodine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  Melatonin
B)  Insulin
C)  Melanin
D)  Cortisol
E)  OxytocinF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Oxytocin

Accepted Answer

A)  is produced and secreted by cells in the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus.
B)  is produced only in females.
C)  secretion is regulated by a negative feedback loop.
D)  stimulates ejection of milk from the breasts.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E) D

Question 6

The thymus gland is located within the mediastinum,________ to the heart and _______ to the sternum.

Accepted Answer

A)  inferior; anterior
B)  posterior; inferior
C)  superior; posterior
D)  superior; anterior
E)  inferior; posteriorF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

You are "shadowing" an endocrinologist who is examining a patient complaining of weakness,weight loss,and heat intolerance.The doctor points out the patient's obvious exophthalmos and asks for your diagnosis.What would you speculate is the patient's problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone
B)  Hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone
C)  Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone
D)  Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone
E)  Hyposecretion of calcitoninF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Which is not correct regarding the parathyroid glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are usually four parathyroid glands in the human body.
B)  Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced by chief cells.
C)  The parathyroid glands are embedded in the anterior surface of the thyroid gland.
D)  Each parathyroid gland is composed of chief cells and oxyphil cells.
E)  The glands secrete parathyroid hormone in response to low blood calcium levels.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? a: Primary plexus
B: Secondary plexus
C: Hypophyseal portal veins

Accepted Answer

A)  a - b - c
B)  a - c - b
C)  c - a - b
D)  b - a - c
E)  c - b - aF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

-This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop.The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus.What endocrine glands are indicated by the letters d and e?

Accepted Answer

A)  d = hypothalamus,e = posterior pituitary
B)  d = thalamus,e = anterior pituitary
C)  d = hypothalamus,e = anterior pituitary
D)  d = hypothalamus,e = thyroid gland
E)  d = thalamus,e = posterior pituitaryF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

-This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop.The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus.Which could be the initial stimulus for this pattern of regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  High blood calcium level
B)  Low body temperature
C)  Low blood sugar level
D)  High WBC (white blood cell) count
E)  Low RBC (red blood cell) countF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Thyroid hormone synthesis involves secretion of a glycoprotein called ___________ by the follicular cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  colloid
B)  thyroxine
C)  triiodothyronine
D)  thyroglobulin
E)  tetraiodothyronineF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothalamic regulatory hormones pass to the anterior pituitary via blood vessels.
B)  The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are not physically connected,but instead communicate through the blood via hormones.
C)  Neurons originating in the hypothalamus store their hormones,ADH and oxytocin,in the anterior pituitary.
D)  The network of blood vessels connecting the hypothalamus and pituitary gland is called the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract.E) All of the above
F) C) and D) A

Question 15

Which is not a correct association of an endocrine gland with a hormone it secretes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreas - glucagon
B)  Adrenal cortex - glucocorticoids
C)  Anterior lobe of the pituitary - melatonin
D)  Adrenal medulla - epinephrine
E)  Thyroid gland - calcitoninF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

The release of hormones from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid hormone.
B)  adrenocorticotropic hormone.
C)  oxytocin.
D)  antidiuretic hormone.
E)  luteinizing hormone.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Which region of the adrenal cortex synthesizes glucocorticoids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zona reticularis
B)  Zona glucosa
C)  Zona papillarosa
D)  Zona fasciculata
E)  Zona glomerulosaF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The disease called ___________ is caused by excessive secretion of glucocorticoids,and is characterized by redistribution of body fat to produce the features known as "moon face" and "buffalo hump".

Accepted Answer

A)  Cushing syndrome
B)  Addison disease
C)  androgenital syndrome
D)  pheochromocytoma
E)  Graves diseaseF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

When the oxygen content of the blood becomes too low,the ________ releases _______ to stimulate red blood cell production.

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary gland; follicle-stimulating hormone
B)  kidney; erythropoietin
C)  thyroid gland; thyroxin
D)  stomach; gastrin
E)  pancreas; insulinF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Which hormone group is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corticosteroids
B)  Glucocorticoids
C)  Mineralocorticoids
D)  Gonadocorticoids
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Exam 20: Endocrine System

Which is not a glucocorticoid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Hyperthyroidism can be treated by surgical removal of the thyroid gland or by intravenous injection of radioactive iodine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxytocin

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The thymus gland is located within the mediastinum,________ to the heart and _______ to the sternum.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are "shadowing" an endocrinologist who is examining a patient complaining of weakness,weight loss,and heat intolerance.The doctor points out the patient's obvious exophthalmos and asks for your diagnosis.What would you speculate is the patient's problem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not correct regarding the parathyroid glands?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? a: Primary plexus B: Secondary plexus C: Hypophyseal portal veins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop.The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus.What endocrine glands are indicated by the letters d and e?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop.The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus.Which could be the initial stimulus for this pattern of regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thyroid hormone synthesis involves secretion of a glycoprotein called ___________ by the follicular cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which is not a correct association of an endocrine gland with a hormone it secretes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The release of hormones from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which region of the adrenal cortex synthesizes glucocorticoids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The disease called ___________ is caused by excessive secretion of glucocorticoids,and is characterized by redistribution of body fat to produce the features known as "moon face" and "buffalo hump".

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the oxygen content of the blood becomes too low,the ________ releases _______ to stimulate red blood cell production.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone group is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The thymus gland is located within the mediastinum,__ to the heart and _ to the sternum.

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A

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When the oxygen content of the blood becomes too low,the __ releases _ to stimulate red blood cell production.

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