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All of the following except one are reasons the demand deposit multiplier may be smaller in practice than in theory.Which one is not a valid reason?


A) Banks do not want to hold excess reserves.
B) Some of the currency generated when bonds are purchased ends up outside of the banking system.
C) Banks sometimes hold more than their required reserves.
D) An open market operation may change the public's holding of cash.
E) All of the above are not valid reasons.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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If you use a check to purchase a textbook,the check is


A) the unit of value
B) the means of payment
C) the means of payment and the unit of value
D) outside the monetary system
E) worth less than an equivalent amount of currency

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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One of the most serious effects of a banking panic is that


A) banks will not earn as much profit
B) banks will no longer be trusted by the public
C) people will not place their excess money in banking accounts
D) people may lose any accrued interest on their accounts
E) large withdrawals of cash lead to a severe decrease in reserves and ultimately in the money supply

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The 2008 financial crisis peaked in September 2008,when Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy.

A) True
B) False

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If a commercial bank has liabilities valued at $150 million,a net worth of $50 million and assets (not including loans) of $180 million,what is the value of the bank's loans?


A) $180 million
B) $200 million
C) $20 million
D) $280 million
E) $80 million

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Demand deposits are liabilities to a bank because


A) the bank must pay interest on these accounts
B) we need some method of creating a balance
C) the bank must be willing to account for loans and bonds
D) the bank could potentially lose this money if loans are not repaid
E) the customers have the right to withdraw the funds from their checking accounts

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is the most liquid form of asset?


A) Small time deposits
B) Large time deposits
C) Savings accounts
D) Money market mutual fund (MMMF) balances
E) Travelers' checks

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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The standard measure of the money stock,M1,refers to


A) checking account balances,travelers' checks,and cash in the hands of the public
B) cash in the hands of the public,demand deposits,and small time deposits
C) cash in the hands of the public,savings-type account balances,and travelers' checks
D) savings-type account balances,small time deposits,and checking account deposits
E) the sum of the cash in the hands of the public

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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If the Federal Reserve sets a required reserve ratio of 0.2 and a bank has $100 million in loans and $80 million in deposits,what is the level of required reserves for the bank?


A) $100 million
B) $16 million
C) $80 million
D) $20 million
E) $36 million

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following best describes the history of bank failures in the U.S.from 1863 to the present?


A) Bank failures were eliminated after 1913.
B) Bank failures were common until 1940 but were almost nonexistent until the late 1980s and early 2000s.
C) Bank failures have always been rare events.
D) Bank failures were common until 1940 and were eliminated thereafter.
E) Bank failures have always been common.

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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Countries like _________ have no reserve requirements at all.


A) England
B) Canada
C) Australia
D) all of the above
E) none of the above.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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In what year was the Federal Reserve System created?


A) 1790
B) 1861
C) 1879
D) 1913
E) 1935

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Federal Reserve regulations apply


A) to all banks in the United States
B) only to member banks
C) only to private commercial banks
D) only to national banks
E) only to state banks

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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The first paper currency issued by the U.S.government was known as the


A) Federal Reserve note
B) treasury bill
C) greenback
D) pound
E) gold certificate

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following is not a function of the Fed?


A) To supervise and regulate banks.
B) Dealing with financial crises.
C) To print currency.
D) Check clearing.
E) Acting as a "bank for banks".

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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If the required reserve ratio is 0.2,and a bank has $100 million in demand deposits and $40 million in property and buildings,it must hold reserves of at least


A) $28 million
B) $20 million
C) $26 million
D) $12 million
E) $8 million

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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If the Federal Reserve sells bonds,the required reserve ratio is 0.25 and the money supply decreases by $10,000,how did the Fed accomplish this change?


A) The Fed sold $10,000 in bonds.
B) The Fed sold $7,500 in bonds.
C) The Fed sold $2,500 in bonds.
D) The Fed sold $7,518 in bonds.
E) The Fed sold $40,000 in bonds.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Reserves are defined as


A) the total cash in bank vaults
B) money deposited in Federal Reserve accounts
C) the sum of vault cash and deposits at Federal Reserve banks
D) the total amount of money a bank must hold
E) ten percent of demand deposit liabilities

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)controls the U.S.money supply by buying and selling loans in the public loan market.

A) True
B) False

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The group within the Federal Reserve System that determines the general course for the nation's money supply is the


A) Federal Monetary Oversight Committee
B) Federal Advisory Council
C) Board of Governors
D) Department of Commerce
E) Federal Open Market Committee

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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