Question 1

A hypothesis is defined as a(n)  .

Accepted Answer

A)   theory
B)   empirical conclusion
C)   research study
D)   educated guessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Dr. Smith uses a sample of participants in his memory study. Any conclusions that can be drawn from the results may be applied to the general population if there is a high degree of

Accepted Answer

A)   internal reliability.
B)   external reliability.
C)   internal validity.
D)   external validity.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

According to the APA's IRB guidelines, participants in experiments must be fully informed

Accepted Answer

A)   that they may or may not receive an active treatment.
B)   that they will not receive active treatment until the research study is over.
C)   if they are in the placebo group or the treatment group.
D)   only that they are participants in a research study and that they can quit at any time.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

The purpose of randomization is to make sure that

Accepted Answer

A)   each research participant spends an equal amount of time in the treatment and control groups.
B)   each research participant has an equal chance of being in the treatment or control group.
C)   everyone in each group is exactly the same on the independent variable.
D)   everyone in each group is exactly the same on the dependent variable.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

It can be important to use a double-blind procedure in a research study to prevent the

Accepted Answer

A)   independent variable from influencing the dependent variable.
B)   researcher's expectations from biasing the outcome.
C)   participants' expectations from biasing the expectations of the researcher.
D)   both b and CE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Your friend has trouble making commitments in relationships. You believe that this is because her parents had a bitter divorce when she was young. Your belief that a child who lives through a bitter parental divorce will have trouble making commitments in relationships as an adult would be considered a(n)  .

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothesis
B)   independent variable
C)   empirical conclusion
D)   applied theoryE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

In a study to investigate the effects of alcohol on reflexes, some students were given three bottles of beer and some were given three bottles of nonalcoholic beer, and reaction time was measured. The group that received the nonalcoholic beer is the .

Accepted Answer

A)   treatment group
B)   dependent variable
C)   control group
D)   confoundE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Placebos are used in experiments to

Accepted Answer

A)   control for the variability of individuals who tend to volunteer for research studies.
B)   control for the expectations of some research participants that they will improve just because they are in a research study.
C)   help determine whether an independent variable actually causes a statistically significant change in a dependent variable.
D)   make certain that the treatment and control group are randomly selected.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following patterns is typical for a disorder that is influenced by genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)   Siblings of the person with the disorder are more likely to have the disorder than cousins, and cousins are just as likely to have the disorder as the general public.
B)   Siblings of the person with the disorder will almost always have the same or similar disorders, and cousins are more likely than the general public to have disorders.
C)   Siblings of the person with the disorder are more likely than cousins to have the disorder, and cousins are more likely to have the disorder than the general public.
D)   Siblings will almost always have the same or similar disorders, though cousins may have a similar rate of the disorder as the general public.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Mary looks nothing like her mother, but Mary's daughter grows up to look exactly like Mary's mother. In other words, grandmother and granddaughter look alike. The fact that Mary's daughter looks like her (Mary's)  mother but she herself doesn't is a good example of the

Accepted Answer

A)   difference between genotype and phenotype.
B)   influence of environment on genes.
C)   fact that we really have no idea of how genes work.
D)   diathesis-stress model.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The two most frequently used methods in prevention research for examining psychopathology across time are

Accepted Answer

A)   longitudinal and case study.
B)   case study and experimental.
C)   longitudinal and cross-sectional.
D)   experimental and cross-sectional.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

A researcher is testing the effects of sunlight on depression. The dependent variable is independent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)   sunlight; depression
B)   depression; sunlight
C)   sunlight; mood
D)   depression; moodE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Single-case experimental designs utilize several strategies such as to improve their internal validity.

Accepted Answer

A)   repeated measurement
B)   process measures
C)   random assignment
D)   placebo controlsE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

A phenotype is defined as an individual's

Accepted Answer

A)   hidden characteristics.
B)   observable characteristics.
C)   genetic influences.
D)   unique genetic makeup.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

In family studies, scientists simply examine a behavioral pattern or emotional trait in the context of the family. The member with the trait singled out for study is called the .

Accepted Answer

A)   sibling
B)   prototype
C)   genetic marker
D)   probandE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores. Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress level of real-life organizational workers is a question of

Accepted Answer

A)   internal validity.
B)   study confounds.
C)   external validity.
D)   the original research hypothesis.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Jessie is the first person to contract a new virus by drinking unsafe water. How are psychologists most likely to study Jessie's health in the next year?

Accepted Answer

A)   Randomized control trial
B)   Clinical trial
C)   Correlational study
D)   Case studyE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

The single-case experimental design

Accepted Answer

A)   always uses a single case.
B)   is not concerned with external validity.
C)   is not concerned with internal validity.
D)   often incorporates several people at once.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Provide definitions for the terms hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, and confound. Discuss how you could use a control group and randomization to ensure that the results of an experiment are accurate.

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis-a statement summarizing your ...

Question 20

Every incremental increase in variable A is associated with an exactly equal increase in variable B. The correlation between these two variables is .

Accepted Answer

A)   +1.00
B)   -1.00
C)   0
D)   causalE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 4: Research Methods

In family studies, scientists simply examine a behavioral pattern or emotional trait in the context of the family. The member with the trait singled out for study is called the .

Correct Answer
verified

A phenotype is defined as an individual's

Correct Answer
verified

According to the APA's IRB guidelines, participants in experiments must be fully informed

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following patterns is typical for a disorder that is influenced by genetics?

Correct Answer
verified

In a study to investigate the effects of alcohol on reflexes, some students were given three bottles of beer and some were given three bottles of nonalcoholic beer, and reaction time was measured. The group that received the nonalcoholic beer is the .

Correct Answer
verified

The purpose of randomization is to make sure that

Correct Answer
verified

Placebos are used in experiments to

Correct Answer
verified

Provide definitions for the terms hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, and confound. Discuss how you could use a control group and randomization to ensure that the results of an experiment are accurate.

Correct Answer
verified
Hypothesis-a statement summarizing your ...
View Answer

Jessie is the first person to contract a new virus by drinking unsafe water. How are psychologists most likely to study Jessie's health in the next year?

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher is testing the effects of sunlight on depression. The dependent variable is independent variable is

Correct Answer
verified

The two most frequently used methods in prevention research for examining psychopathology across time are

Correct Answer
verified

Single-case experimental designs utilize several strategies such as to improve their internal validity.

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Smith uses a sample of participants in his memory study. Any conclusions that can be drawn from the results may be applied to the general population if there is a high degree of

Correct Answer
verified

The single-case experimental design

Correct Answer
verified

A hypothesis is defined as a(n) .

Correct Answer
verified

Mary looks nothing like her mother, but Mary's daughter grows up to look exactly like Mary's mother. In other words, grandmother and granddaughter look alike. The fact that Mary's daughter looks like her (Mary's) mother but she herself doesn't is a good example of the

Correct Answer
verified

It can be important to use a double-blind procedure in a research study to prevent the

Correct Answer
verified

Every incremental increase in variable A is associated with an exactly equal increase in variable B. The correlation between these two variables is .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores. Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress level of real-life organizational workers is a question of

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Research Methods

In family studies, scientists simply examine a behavioral pattern or emotional trait in the context of the family. The member with the trait singled out for study is called the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A phenotype is defined as an individual's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the APA's IRB guidelines, participants in experiments must be fully informed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following patterns is typical for a disorder that is influenced by genetics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study to investigate the effects of alcohol on reflexes, some students were given three bottles of beer and some were given three bottles of nonalcoholic beer, and reaction time was measured. The group that received the nonalcoholic beer is the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purpose of randomization is to make sure that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Placebos are used in experiments to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Provide definitions for the terms hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, and confound. Discuss how you could use a control group and randomization to ensure that the results of an experiment are accurate.

Correct AnswerverifiedHypothesis-a statement summarizing your ...View AnswerShow Answer

Jessie is the first person to contract a new virus by drinking unsafe water. How are psychologists most likely to study Jessie's health in the next year?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher is testing the effects of sunlight on depression. The dependent variable is independent variable is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two most frequently used methods in prevention research for examining psychopathology across time are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Single-case experimental designs utilize several strategies such as to improve their internal validity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Smith uses a sample of participants in his memory study. Any conclusions that can be drawn from the results may be applied to the general population if there is a high degree of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The single-case experimental design

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hypothesis is defined as a(n) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mary looks nothing like her mother, but Mary's daughter grows up to look exactly like Mary's mother. In other words, grandmother and granddaughter look alike. The fact that Mary's daughter looks like her (Mary's) mother but she herself doesn't is a good example of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It can be important to use a double-blind procedure in a research study to prevent the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Every incremental increase in variable A is associated with an exactly equal increase in variable B. The correlation between these two variables is .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores. Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress level of real-life organizational workers is a question of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Hypothesis-a statement summarizing your ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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