Question 1

Sodium concentration in the urine will be maintained due to the loop of the nephron (loop of Henle) exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)   an active release of sodium from the descending limb.
B)   a passive and active release of sodium from the ascending limb.
C)   a passive release of sodium from the descending limb.
D)   the release of water from the ascending limb.
E)   the active transport of water.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

The urethra serves what other body system in males?

Accepted Answer

A)   endocrine
B)   lymphatic
C)   reproductive
D)   digestive
E)   immuneF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Which structure releases aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular (Bowman's)  capsule
B)   proximal convoluted tubule cells
C)   loop of the nephron (loop of Henle) 
D)   collecting tubule
E)   adrenal cortexF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the glomerulus is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood pressure primarily accounts for filtration.
B)   Small molecules move from the glomerular (Bowman's)  capsule into the glomerulus.
C)   It is composed of capillaries.
D)   It is connected to arterioles at both ends.
E)   It is surrounded by the glomerular (Bowman's)  capsule.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Although it sounds like science fiction,human bladders can be grown in the laboratory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The liquid that collects in the cavity of the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule is

Accepted Answer

A)   concentrated urine.
B)   blood plasma minus blood proteins.
C)   old bile ready for excretion.
D)   glycogen and water.
E)   albumin.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which is NOT a correct step in the hormone regulation of blood pressure and reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)   When blood volume and pressure are low, the juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes renin.
B)   When blood pressure is high, the heart atria secrete ANH.
C)   High blood pressure causes the kidneys to secrete aldosterone.
D)   Renin leads to production of angiotensin I and II and eventual reabsorption of sodium ions and water.
E)   If you drink more water, the pituitary reduces ADH and more water and urine is excreted.F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 8

The microscopic anatomical unit of excretion found in the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)   nephron.
B)   glomerular (Bowman's)  capsule.
C)   glomerulus.
D)   alveoli.
E)   microvilli.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 9

What is the correct order an excreted water molecule moves from glomerulus to collecting duct?

Accepted Answer

A)   loop of nephron  →\rarr→  glomerular capsule  →\rarr→  proximal convoluted tubule  →\rarr→  distal convoluted tubule
B)   glomerular capsule  →\rarr→  proximal convoluted tubule  →\rarr→ loop of nephron  →\rarr→  distal convoluted tubule
C)   glomerular capsule →\rarr→ proximal convoluted tubule  →\rarr→  distal convoluted tubule  →\rarr→  loop of nephron
D)   proximal convoluted tubule  →\rarr→  glomerular capsule  →\rarr→  loop of nephron  →\rarr→  distal convoluted tubule
E)   distal convoluted tubule  →\rarr→ glomerular capsule  →\rarr→  proximal convoluted tubule  →\rarr→  loop of nephron F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following is the main difference between the urinary system of males and females?

Accepted Answer

A)   Men have 2 urethras while women have only one urethra.
B)   The urethra is shorter in females.
C)   Men have longer ureters than females.
D)   Kidneys tend to be larger in females.
E)   The female urethra passes through the prostate gland.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

The structure which monitors blood pressure in the kidney is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   juxtaglomerular apparatus.
B)   glomerular (Bowman's)  capsule.
C)   juxtanephritic apparatus.
D)   ascending tubule.
E)   renal pelvis.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

An increased amount of ADH leads to

Accepted Answer

A)   an increased amount of urine.
B)   a decreased amount of urine.
C)   no change in the amount of urine.
D)   kidney failure.
E)   a decreased amount of filtrate.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Reabsorption of water,nutrients,and required salts occurs in the what part of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerulus
B)   distal convoluted tubule
C)   proximal convoluted tubule
D)   collecting duct
E)   loop of the nephron (loop of Henle) F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Urine excreted from the body should be sterile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following does not contribute to homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)   excretion of metabolic wastes
B)   maintenance of water-salt balance
C)   maintenance of acid-base balance
D)   excretion of proteins and nucleotides
E)   secretion of hormonesF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 16

Each kidney has about one thousand structural units called nephrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Normally,concentrations of metabolically important substances,such as glucose,are

Accepted Answer

A)   high in glomerular filtrate but only a trace in urine.
B)   low in glomerular filtrate but high in urine.
C)   high in both glomerular filtrate and urine.
D)   low in both glomerular filtrate and urine.
E)   excluded from entering the excretory system altogether.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Urine contains substances that underwent pressure filtration and substances that underwent tubular secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The bladder is expandable because it contains layers of elastic fibers embedded in thick layers of connective tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Explain the role of ANH (atrial natriuretic hormone)in homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

ANH is secreted by the atria of the hear...

Exam 16: Urinary System and Excretion

Although it sounds like science fiction,human bladders can be grown in the laboratory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The liquid that collects in the cavity of the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine excreted from the body should be sterile.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bladder is expandable because it contains layers of elastic fibers embedded in thick layers of connective tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct order an excreted water molecule moves from glomerulus to collecting duct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure releases aldosterone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The microscopic anatomical unit of excretion found in the kidney is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each kidney has about one thousand structural units called nephrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the glomerulus is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structure which monitors blood pressure in the kidney is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An increased amount of ADH leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine contains substances that underwent pressure filtration and substances that underwent tubular secretion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The urethra serves what other body system in males?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally,concentrations of metabolically important substances,such as glucose,are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT a correct step in the hormone regulation of blood pressure and reabsorption?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not contribute to homeostasis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the main difference between the urinary system of males and females?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reabsorption of water,nutrients,and required salts occurs in the what part of the nephron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the role of ANH (atrial natriuretic hormone)in homeostasis.

Correct AnswerverifiedANH is secreted by the atria of the hear...View AnswerShow Answer

Sodium concentration in the urine will be maintained due to the loop of the nephron (loop of Henle) exhibiting

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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ANH is secreted by the atria of the hear...
View Answer

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