Question 1

The theory that plants cannot grow on a particular area until the soil has been developed enough by an earlier community is the

Accepted Answer

A)   climax-pattern model.
B)   facilitation model.
C)   inhibition model.
D)   tolerance model.
E)   soil development model.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

A population of 100 butterflies living on an acre of land loses three quarters of its members when a sudden freeze in the spring occurs just after they emerge as caterpillars.This population has undergone a reduction in population size due to

Accepted Answer

A)   An intrinsic factor
B)   A density independent control
C)   A density dependent control
D)   Natural selection
E)   An opportunistic controlF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

There are several species of grain beetles that can live on dry meal obtaining water mostly as metabolic water.Many of these beetle species are grain pests that do considerable damage to stored grain.You set up a dozen jars of dry meal and introduce fifty individuals of each species to each jar,being careful to have half of each species from each sex.The food supply is sufficient to last for a year and the size is adequate so that wastes do not become toxic.Most likely,examination of the jars in six months will find

Accepted Answer

A)   a totally random variation in numbers of both beetles.
B)   only one species per jar, similar to the classic experiment with paramecia.
C)   the same ratio of beetles as when you started about half from each species.
D)   only dead beetles in all jars due to intense competition for the niche.
E)   half the jars with more of one species and the other half of the jars will have more of a second species of beetle.F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 4

An ecosystem contains

Accepted Answer

A)   only the biotic (living)  components of the environment.
B)   only the abiotic (nonliving)  components of the environment.
C)   only the energy flow components of an environment.
D)   both the living organisms and the abiotic components of the environment.
E)   only the food relationships found in an environment.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Secondary succession will start with bare ground that is lacking any type of soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Population growth rate would be negative when

Accepted Answer

A)   birthrate is greater than death rate.
B)   death rate is greater than birth rate.
C)   all couples are married but average less than two children apiece.
D)   a country becomes poorer, because it is related to economic growth.
E)   better health care reduces the death rate and increases survivorship of newborns.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 7

A population of 1000 mice living in a barn of land loses one half of its members when a sudden a virus spreads through the population.This population has undergone a reduction in population size due to

Accepted Answer

A)   An intrinsic factor
B)   A density independent control
C)   A density dependent control
D)   Natural selection
E)   An opportunistic controlF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

In a population of 10000 organisms over a one year period there are 750 births and 130 deaths.Calculate the growth rate for that year.

Accepted Answer

A)   0.062
B)   0.055
C)   0.088
D)   0.013
E)   0.075F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 9

A population age structure in which the birthrate is less than the death rate and the post-reproductive group is the largest would be best represented by a graph with a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   bell shape.
B)   urn shape.
C)   pyramid shape.
D)   S-shaped curve.
E)   J-shaped curve.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

A number of populations of different species interacting with one another in a natural environment,such as a rotten log,is called

Accepted Answer

A)   competition.
B)   a community.
C)   a biome.
D)   predation.
E)   symbiosis.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Which of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   The growth rate can be positive and a population can still be the same size year after year.
B)   The growth rate has to be zero before a population can be the same size year after year.
C)   Replacement reproduction automatically gives a growth rate of zero.
D)   A growth rate of zero means the population is dying.
E)   The growth rate can be negative and a population can still be the same size year after year.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

You are on vacation in the Canadian Rocky Mountains and you observe that a massive forest fire has burned all the trees off the side of the mountain and sterilized the soil,leaving no topsoil.The type of succession that occurs following this type of fire is

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary succession.
B)   pioneer species growth.
C)   primary succession.
D)   primary soil leaching.
E)   facilitated succession.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

-In Figure 34.03,the biotic potential of the population occurs at number

Accepted Answer

A)   1.
B)   2.
C)   3.
D)   4.
E)   5.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Replacement reproduction occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of births equals the number of deaths.
B)   each couple has an average of two children which also results in zero population growth.
C)   each couple has an average of two children, but may still allow for population growth.
D)   the population reaches carrying capacity.
E)   all of the adult population is married.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Overall,the most scientifically correct viewpoint toward predators is

Accepted Answer

A)   predators help keep prey populations from overexploiting limited food resources.
B)   generally, ecosystems support more and healthier populations when the large carnivores were eliminated from the system.
C)   there is a high level of cruelty and indiscriminate killing among larger predators.
D)   when we eliminate predators that could harm us and our activities, we also improve conditions for other animal populations.
E)   predators are a neutral influence on prey populations and our activities merely substitute us for the prey we eliminate.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

The harmless orange-and-black viceroy butterfly closely resembling the toxic orange-and-black monarch butterfly is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   Müllerian mimicry.
B)   Batesian mimicry.
C)   both Müllerian and Batesian mimicry.
D)   a case of resource partitioning.
E)   a case of competitive exclusion.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

The maximum per capita rate of increase for a population that can occur under ideal conditions is the

Accepted Answer

A)   population growth.
B)   biotic potential.
C)   environmental resistance.
D)   carrying capacity.
E)   doubling time.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Which term describes the concept that no two species can have the same "job" in the community at the same time?

Accepted Answer

A)   competitive exclusion
B)   habitat
C)   niche
D)   mimicry
E)   symbiosisF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Consider that a species of salmon lays 20,000 eggs per pair when it spawns and dies.At the end of five years,an average of one pair of mature salmon from this group of hatched eggs returns again to spawn in the parent stream (19,998 have died) .What is the per capita rate of increase?

Accepted Answer

A)   10,000, because there were that many eggs produced per parent fish (r) 
B)   2,000, because this must be divided by five years
C)   zero, because there is exact replacement of the previous generation
D)   -2,000, because there was this much average die-off per year
E)   -19,998, because there was this much total lossF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an anti-predator defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plant chemicals, including coffee and tea caffeine, make caterpillars sick or jittery.
B)   The large eyespots on a moth's wing are exposed abruptly to startle a hungry bird.
C)   Many trees, vines, and shrubs have stems lines with long thorns.
D)   Prairie dog towns always have several prairie "watchdogs" to alert them of approaching hawks and snakes.
E)   Many plants have brightly colored fruit and flowers.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 34: Population and Community Ecology

Replacement reproduction occurs when

Correct Answer
verified

The maximum per capita rate of increase for a population that can occur under ideal conditions is the

Correct Answer
verified

Which term describes the concept that no two species can have the same "job" in the community at the same time?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a true statement?

Correct Answer
verified

Consider that a species of salmon lays 20,000 eggs per pair when it spawns and dies.At the end of five years,an average of one pair of mature salmon from this group of hatched eggs returns again to spawn in the parent stream (19,998 have died) .What is the per capita rate of increase?

Correct Answer
verified

Population growth rate would be negative when

Correct Answer
verified

An ecosystem contains

Correct Answer
verified

In a population of 10000 organisms over a one year period there are 750 births and 130 deaths.Calculate the growth rate for that year.

Correct Answer
verified

A population age structure in which the birthrate is less than the death rate and the post-reproductive group is the largest would be best represented by a graph with a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

A population of 100 butterflies living on an acre of land loses three quarters of its members when a sudden freeze in the spring occurs just after they emerge as caterpillars.This population has undergone a reduction in population size due to

Correct Answer
verified

A population of 1000 mice living in a barn of land loses one half of its members when a sudden a virus spreads through the population.This population has undergone a reduction in population size due to

Correct Answer
verified

The theory that plants cannot grow on a particular area until the soil has been developed enough by an earlier community is the

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT an anti-predator defense mechanism?

Correct Answer
verified

You are on vacation in the Canadian Rocky Mountains and you observe that a massive forest fire has burned all the trees off the side of the mountain and sterilized the soil,leaving no topsoil.The type of succession that occurs following this type of fire is

Correct Answer
verified

Overall,the most scientifically correct viewpoint toward predators is

Correct Answer
verified

-In Figure 34.03,the biotic potential of the population occurs at number

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The harmless orange-and-black viceroy butterfly closely resembling the toxic orange-and-black monarch butterfly is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

A number of populations of different species interacting with one another in a natural environment,such as a rotten log,is called

Correct Answer
verified

Secondary succession will start with bare ground that is lacking any type of soil.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 34: Population and Community Ecology

Replacement reproduction occurs when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The maximum per capita rate of increase for a population that can occur under ideal conditions is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which term describes the concept that no two species can have the same "job" in the community at the same time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a true statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider that a species of salmon lays 20,000 eggs per pair when it spawns and dies.At the end of five years,an average of one pair of mature salmon from this group of hatched eggs returns again to spawn in the parent stream (19,998 have died) .What is the per capita rate of increase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Population growth rate would be negative when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ecosystem contains

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a population of 10000 organisms over a one year period there are 750 births and 130 deaths.Calculate the growth rate for that year.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A population age structure in which the birthrate is less than the death rate and the post-reproductive group is the largest would be best represented by a graph with a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A population of 100 butterflies living on an acre of land loses three quarters of its members when a sudden freeze in the spring occurs just after they emerge as caterpillars.This population has undergone a reduction in population size due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A population of 1000 mice living in a barn of land loses one half of its members when a sudden a virus spreads through the population.This population has undergone a reduction in population size due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theory that plants cannot grow on a particular area until the soil has been developed enough by an earlier community is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an anti-predator defense mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are on vacation in the Canadian Rocky Mountains and you observe that a massive forest fire has burned all the trees off the side of the mountain and sterilized the soil,leaving no topsoil.The type of succession that occurs following this type of fire is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Overall,the most scientifically correct viewpoint toward predators is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-In Figure 34.03,the biotic potential of the population occurs at number

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The harmless orange-and-black viceroy butterfly closely resembling the toxic orange-and-black monarch butterfly is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A number of populations of different species interacting with one another in a natural environment,such as a rotten log,is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secondary succession will start with bare ground that is lacking any type of soil.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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