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How many times must the Calvin cycle turn to yield a single molecule of glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate (G3P) .


A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Grana are


A) Interconnecting stomata.
B) Flattened sacs of thylakoid membrane.
C) Pores that open to allow gas exchange.
D) The sites of the Calvin cycle and production of sugars.
E) Enzymes that bind CO2.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which stages of the Calvin cycle reactions require the use of energy from ATP?


A) CO2 fixation and CO2 reduction
B) RuBP regeneration and CO2 reduction
C) CO2 reduction and RuBP regeneration
D) CO2 fixation and RuBP regeneration
E) CO2 fixation, CO2 reduction, and RuBP regeneration

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Sucrose, cellulose, amino acids, and starch are all made from what starter molecule in plants?


A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)
D) ATP
E) RuBP carboxylase

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Which compounds link the light reactions with the Calvin cycle reactions?


A) ATP and NADPH
B) H+ and ATP
C) G3P and ATP
D) H+ and G3P
E) G3P and NADPH

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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The enzyme-rich solution found within the chloroplast is called the ________.


A) granum
B) chlorophyll
C) cytoplasm
D) stroma

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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In which of the labeled cells of a C4 leaf are the Calvin cycle reactions performed? In which of the labeled cells of a C4 leaf are the Calvin cycle reactions performed?   A)  A and B B)  B and C C)  A and D D)  B only E)  C only


A) A and B
B) B and C
C) A and D
D) B only
E) C only

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following events does NOT take place in the light reactions?


A) transfer of electrons to the reaction center of photosystem I
B) generation of ATP from ADP + Pi
C) splitting of water, releasing an electron
D) generation of NADPH from NADP+
E) conversion of 3PG to G3P

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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The reaction center of photosystem I consists of what type of molecule?


A) chlorophyll a
B) chlorophyll b
C) carotenoids
D) NADP+
E) electron transport proteins

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Which complex or enzyme of photosynthesis consumes H2O?


A) Photosystem I
B) Photosystem II
C) rubisco
D) electron transport chain
E) ATP synthase

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The localization of the electron transport chains to the thylakoid membrane ensures that


A) the energy released can be used to establish an H+ ion gradient.
B) the energy released is stored in the stroma.
C) NADP+ does not enter the thylakoid space.
D) CO2 remains in the stroma for the Calvin cycle reactions and does not enter the thylakoid space.
E) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) is produced in the thylakoid space.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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In a high latitude rainforest, the dominant type of photosynthesis is most likely to be


A) both C3 and CAM.
B) C4.
C) CAM.
D) both C4 and CAM.
E) C3.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not derived from G3P?


A) starch
B) cellulose
C) glucose phosphate
D) NADP+
E) sucrose

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following organisms can perform photosynthesis?


A) algae
B) fungi
C) animals
D) invertebrates
E) vertebrates

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The Calvin cycle reactions only occur in bundle sheath cells in a C4 plant


A) to shield the Calvin cycle reactions from O2 in the leaf spaces.
B) to allow O2 to enter bundle sheath cells.
C) because rubisco is only found in mesophyll cells.
D) so that they are adjacent to stomata.
E) so that H2O is not available to mesophyll cells.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Why do plants contain other pigments besides chlorophyll?


A) The additional pigments are able to absorb other light wavelengths that chlorophyll cannot.
B) The additional pigments can only absorb violet or ultraviolet light.
C) Chlorophyll is unable to absorb visible light.
D) When chlorophyll breaks down, the additional pigments can absorb the same wavelengths of light.
E) When the additional pigments break down, the chlorophyll can absorb other wavelengths of light.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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What is the major disadvantage of CAM photosynthesis relative to C3 or C4 photosynthesis?


A) lower G3P yield
B) less water loss
C) less CO2 availability
D) fewer electrons available from chlorophyll
E) fewer NADPH molecules from the light reactions

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The light-harvesting complexes of a chloroplast are located in the ______; the enzymes of the Calvin cycle reactions are located in the _________.


A) thylakoid membrane; stroma
B) stroma; thylakoid space
C) thylakoid space; thylakoid membrane
D) stroma; thylakoid membrane
E) thylakoid space; stroma

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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RuBP carboxylase (rubisco) is able to bind with both


A) Carbon dioxide and water.
B) Carbon dioxide and oxygen.
C) Carbon dioxide and NADPH.
D) Oxygen and water.
E) NADPH and ATP.

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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Replacement electrons for the reaction center of photosystem II are derived from __________.


A) H2O
B) NADP+
C) G3P
D) NADPH
E) CO2

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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