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Employees who are engaged completely invest their energies and themselves into the job.

A) True
B) False

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Explain how motivation relates to job performance and organizational commitment.

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Motivation relates to job performance an...

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Pay, bonuses, and promotions are some of the positive-valenced extrinsic outcomes considered in studies of motivation.

A) True
B) False

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In equity theory, the internal tension that is caused by an imbalance in the ratios is known as:


A) cognitive distortion.
B) expectancy.
C) equity distress.
D) goal commitment.
E) cognitive dissonance.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Identify and explain the factors that alter the effects of goal setting on task performance.

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Factors that alter the effects of goal s...

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Motivation determines what employees do at a given moment-the direction in which their efforts are channeled.

A) True
B) False

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Expectancy represents the belief that low performance is the outcome of high efforts.

A) True
B) False

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Identify and explain the mathematical formula for expectancy theory. Construct an example from your own life to illustrate this theory.

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The mathematical formula for expectancy ...

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Competence brings with it a sense of pride and mastery that is itself intrinsically motivating.

A) True
B) False

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_____ reflects how complicated the information and actions involved in a task are, as well as how much the task changes.


A) Task complexity
B) Self-efficacy
C) Goal commitment
D) Feedback
E) Instrumentality

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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Martha was assigned to present the bank's financial statement to its shareholders. The management chose Martha because she was good at negotiating and had the skills to tackle any question thrown her way. Though Martha was not confident in the beginning, she managed to pull it off with ease. Using Martha as an example, define self-efficacy and identify and explain its determinants.

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Self-efficacy is the belief that one has...

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Merit pay represents the most common element of organizational compensation plans.

A) True
B) False

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When someone from another company is referred to as the "comparison other," one is involved in a(n) :


A) equity distress.
B) emotional cue.
C) cognitive distortion.
D) internal comparison.
E) external comparison.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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_____ are defined as the objective or aim of an action and typically refer to attaining a specific standard of proficiency, often within a specified time limit.


A) Values
B) Goals
C) Internal comparisons
D) Strategies
E) External comparisons

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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