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Explain the difference between absolute and relative deprivation as applied to the experiences of minority groups in America.

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Relative deprivation is defined as the c...

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In states that have been barred from using race explicitly in admissions, ________.


A) enrolment of White students has lowered
B) students from minority groups are performing better academically
C) there has been no change in minority enrollment rates
D) Black and Latino enrollment has dropped

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 led to the establishment of the ________.


A) Glass Ceiling Commission (GCC)
B) Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)
C) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
D) Affirmative Action Board (AAB)

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Berko, who works as a sales executive at ABZ Pharmaceuticals, has proved to be one of the best sales representatives in his team. However, regardless of performance, he was passed over for a promotion because he was a part of the cultural minority in the organization. In this scenario, Berko has experienced ________.


A) cultural relativism
B) discrimination
C) absolute deprivation
D) affirmative action

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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B

________ refers to overt acts of individual Whites against individual Blacks.

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Individual...

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Which of the following terms refers to the positive effort to recruit minority group members or women for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities?


A) affirmative action
B) occupational segregation
C) xenocentrism
D) essentialism

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The motivation for the bias in most hate crimes is ________.


A) age
B) race
C) sexual orientation
D) disability

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Many Baltonian men were effectively barred from serving in the police department of Rhodia because they failed to meet the minimum height requirement. The height requirement in no way helped perform the job effectively and favored White men in securing positions in the department. This is an example of ________.


A) occupational segregation
B) reverse discrimination
C) institutional discrimination
D) group libel

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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________ constitute the group with the highest median income in the U.S.


A) White women
B) Asian men
C) Black women
D) White men

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In 1987, the Supreme Court ruled in two cases that any member of an ethnic minority may sue under federal prohibitions against discrimination. These two cases involved ________.


A) an Iraqi American professor and a Hispanic American
B) a Jewish rabbi and an African American minister
C) an Iraqi American professor and a Jewish congregation
D) a Buddhist and a Jewish congregation

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following statements is true of wealth inequality?


A) The wealth gap between White households and Black and Latino households is decreasing.
B) Black children are more likely to surpass their parents' income than White children.
C) Well-off Black Americans are more likely to have acquired knowledge from their parents about how to invest wisely.
D) The median wealth of White households is 20 times that of Black households.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Anita Juarez, a Mexican American woman, works in the public relations department of a firm. Though she is promoted quickly within her department, her attempts to move into the marketing department and to key executive positions are not approved by the management. This is an example of ________.


A) reverse discrimination
B) a glass wall
C) affirmative action
D) a glass cliff

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The ________ refers to the White male advantage experienced in occupations dominated by women.


A) glass ceiling
B) glass cliff
C) glass wall
D) glass escalator

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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How does institutional discrimination differ from individual discrimination? Provide three examples of institutional discrimination.

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Institutional discrimination is the deni...

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Dominant group members tend to have better material comforts and more political freedom than minority groups. Sociologists refer to this type of inequality as ________.


A) total deprivation
B) relative deprivation
C) ethnocentrism
D) prejudice

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Dominique works at the human resources department in a software product development firm. She finds that her efforts to work in a position at the sales department are consistently blocked, even though she is qualified for the job. This is an example of ________ existing in the organization.


A) economic discrimination
B) a glass escalator
C) a glass cliff
D) a glass wall

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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________ is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of a society.


A) Essentialism
B) Eliminationism
C) Occupational segregation
D) Institutional discrimination

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements about environmental justice is true?


A) Issues of environmental justice are limited to metropolitan areas.
B) There is a higher probability that White communities lack the resources to tackle environmental problems.
C) Low-income communities are more likely to be adjacent to waste sites.
D) Native American reservation land is protected from environmental abuse.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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C

Which of the following terms refers to racist outcomes that become so widespread that minority groups endure them as a part of everyday life?


A) woodwork racism
B) environmental racism
C) scientific racism
D) symbolic racism

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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________ refers to the conscious experience of a negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and present actualities.


A) Affirmative action
B) Cultural assimilation
C) Relative deprivation
D) Xenocentrism

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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C

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