Question 1

Once during a hospital stay,you observed a man and a woman (both in health professional attire) talking.You assumed that the man was a physician and that the woman was a nurse.Later,you found out the opposite was true.What type of heuristic did you use during your initial reaction to the two individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  availability heuristic
B)  representativeness heuristic
C)  vividness heuristic
D)  matching heuristicE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Murray and his colleagues (2003) found that among married couples,the self- fulfilling prophecy occurred when one person interpreted slight hurts as rejections.
The person who felt rejected was then motivated to

Accepted Answer

A)  value their partner for his or her honesty.
B)  value their partner yet become distant from him or her.
C)  devalue their partner but make an effort to become close to him or her.
D)  devalue their partner and become distant from him or her.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

If you are told that someone you have never met is attracted to you,you will likely

Accepted Answer

A)  behave toward that person in a way that draws out their flirtatious behavior.
B)  behave toward that person in a way that causes them to become shy and withdrawn.
C)  feel little attraction to that person.
D)  avoid that person if you can.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Joanna went over to a friend's house and rented the horror movie "Saw II." At 2:00 a.m.she awoke to a scratching sound at her window.Instead of thinking the noise is the result of a tree branch she believed it was a serial killer trying to break in.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  priming.
B)  attribution.
C)  automatic processing.
D)  controlled processing.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

The tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences on other people's behavior is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  false consensus bias.
B)  misinformation effect.
C)  fundamental attribution error.
D)  dispositional bias.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

The process of judging something by intuitively comparing it to our mental representation of a category uses the _____ heuristic.

Accepted Answer

A)  availability
B)  representativeness
C)  vividness
D)  matchingE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Our first impressions of one another are more often wrong than right.
B)  Modern psychologists no longer believe that unconscious processes influence our perceptions.
C)  Once a belief has been discredited,most people discard it immediately.
D)  People tend to be more confident than they are correct.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 8

You attend a party where you do not know anyone,but expect that people will be friendly.You behave in a warm and sociable manner.Your behavior,in turn,leads to other people being friendly to you.This situation can best be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  the illusory correlation.
B)  the representativeness heuristic.
C)  the availability heuristiC.
D)  behavioral confirmation.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 9

According to your text,people everywhere perceive mediators and the media as

Accepted Answer

A)  biased in favor of their position.
B)  objective in their decisions and coverage.
C)  biased against their position.
D)  biased against the president.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

According to the text,many men assume women are flattered by repeated requests for dates,which women more often see as harassing.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  arrogance.
B)  a lack of intuition.
C)  misattribution.
D)  miscommunication.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

What is illusory thinking and what are its effects?

Accepted Answer

Illusory thinking refers to the cognitiv...

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of automatic thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  schemas
B)  emotional reactions
C)  expertise
D)  reflectionE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Research has shown that explaining why an opposite theory may be true (e.g. ,why a cautious person might be a better firefighter than a risk-taking person) _______ belief perseverance.

Accepted Answer

A)  slightly increases
B)  maintains
C)  reduces
D)  significantly increasesE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Your boss is always cranky.You assume this is because he has not had a raise in 10 years.What type of attribution are you making to explain his behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  motivational
B)  dispositional
C)  situational
D)  common senseE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

The idea that chance events are subject to our influence describes

Accepted Answer

A)  an illusory correlation.
B)  an illusion of control.
C)  a representative heuristiC.
D)  an availability heuristic.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

The theory that explains people's behavior by attributing it to internal dispositions or external situations is called

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional theory.
B)  motivational theory.
C)  situational theory.
D)  attribution theory.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

The tendency to attribute our own behaviors to the environment and label others with traits is the

Accepted Answer

A)  actor-observer perspective.
B)  fundamental attribution error.
C)  camera perspective bias.
D)  result of self-awareness.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Imagining alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have been is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a representative heuristic.
B)  counterfactual thinking.
C)  an illusory correlation.
D)  the overconfidence phenomenon.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Although you once earned a 100 on your physics exam,you have subsequently been unable to earn a perfect score again.Your experience may be understood in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  the illusory correlation.
B)  regression toward the average.
C)  the representativeness heuristiC.
D)  counterfactual thinking.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Researchers had students write essays opposing student control over university curricula.When asked to recall how they had felt about the same issue a week earlier,most of the students

Accepted Answer

A)  remembered having held a very different attitude.
B)  could not remember how they had felt.
C)  mistakenly "remembered" having felt the same as they do now.
D)  admitted they had always supported student control of university curricula but pretended to oppose it in their essays.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Exam 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments

You attend a party where you do not know anyone,but expect that people will be friendly.You behave in a warm and sociable manner.Your behavior,in turn,leads to other people being friendly to you.This situation can best be described as

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences on other people's behavior is called the

Correct Answer
verified

Research has shown that explaining why an opposite theory may be true (e.g. ,why a cautious person might be a better firefighter than a risk-taking person) _______ belief perseverance.

Correct Answer
verified

The idea that chance events are subject to our influence describes

Correct Answer
verified

Joanna went over to a friend's house and rented the horror movie "Saw II." At 2:00 a.m.she awoke to a scratching sound at her window.Instead of thinking the noise is the result of a tree branch she believed it was a serial killer trying to break in.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

The process of judging something by intuitively comparing it to our mental representation of a category uses the _____ heuristic.

Correct Answer
verified

What is illusory thinking and what are its effects?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Illusory thinking refers to the cognitiv...
View Answer

Your boss is always cranky.You assume this is because he has not had a raise in 10 years.What type of attribution are you making to explain his behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

If you are told that someone you have never met is attracted to you,you will likely

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency to attribute our own behaviors to the environment and label others with traits is the

Correct Answer
verified

The theory that explains people's behavior by attributing it to internal dispositions or external situations is called

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers had students write essays opposing student control over university curricula.When asked to recall how they had felt about the same issue a week earlier,most of the students

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT an example of automatic thinking?

Correct Answer
verified

According to your text,people everywhere perceive mediators and the media as

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to the text,many men assume women are flattered by repeated requests for dates,which women more often see as harassing.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Imagining alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have been is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Murray and his colleagues (2003) found that among married couples,the self- fulfilling prophecy occurred when one person interpreted slight hurts as rejections. The person who felt rejected was then motivated to

Correct Answer
verified

Although you once earned a 100 on your physics exam,you have subsequently been unable to earn a perfect score again.Your experience may be understood in terms of

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments

You attend a party where you do not know anyone,but expect that people will be friendly.You behave in a warm and sociable manner.Your behavior,in turn,leads to other people being friendly to you.This situation can best be described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences on other people's behavior is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has shown that explaining why an opposite theory may be true (e.g. ,why a cautious person might be a better firefighter than a risk-taking person) _______ belief perseverance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that chance events are subject to our influence describes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Joanna went over to a friend's house and rented the horror movie "Saw II." At 2:00 a.m.she awoke to a scratching sound at her window.Instead of thinking the noise is the result of a tree branch she believed it was a serial killer trying to break in.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of judging something by intuitively comparing it to our mental representation of a category uses the _____ heuristic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is illusory thinking and what are its effects?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIllusory thinking refers to the cognitiv...View AnswerShow Answer

Your boss is always cranky.You assume this is because he has not had a raise in 10 years.What type of attribution are you making to explain his behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you are told that someone you have never met is attracted to you,you will likely

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to attribute our own behaviors to the environment and label others with traits is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theory that explains people's behavior by attributing it to internal dispositions or external situations is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers had students write essays opposing student control over university curricula.When asked to recall how they had felt about the same issue a week earlier,most of the students

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an example of automatic thinking?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your text,people everywhere perceive mediators and the media as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text,many men assume women are flattered by repeated requests for dates,which women more often see as harassing.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagining alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have been is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Murray and his colleagues (2003) found that among married couples,the self- fulfilling prophecy occurred when one person interpreted slight hurts as rejections. The person who felt rejected was then motivated to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although you once earned a 100 on your physics exam,you have subsequently been unable to earn a perfect score again.Your experience may be understood in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Illusory thinking refers to the cognitiv...
View Answer

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