Question 1

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable.
-The reactivity of an atom arises from

Accepted Answer

A)  the average distance of the outermost electron shell from the nucleus.
B)  the existence of unpaired electrons in the valence shell.
C)  the sum of the potential energies of all the electron shells.
D)  the potential energy of the valence shell.
E)  the energy difference between the s and p orbitals.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Chemical bond/interaction strength appears in what order?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen > covalent > ionic > VanderWaals.
B)  Covalent > ionic > hydrogen > VanderWaals.
C)  Covalent > hydrogen > ionic > VanderWaals.
D)  VanderWaals > hydrogen > ionic > covalent.
E)  Ionic > hydrogen > VanderWaals > covalent.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

The combining of the metal, sodium, with the poisonous gas, chlorine, to produce an edible product, salt, is a good example of

Accepted Answer

A)  essential elements.
B)  emergent properties.
C)  covalent interactions.
D)  Van der Waals interactions.
E)  chemical equilibrium.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

In comparing covalent bonds and ionic bonds, which of the following would you expect?

Accepted Answer

A)  An atom can form covalent bonds with multiple partner atoms, but only a single ionic bond with a single partner atom.
B)  Covalent bonds and ionic bonds occupy opposite ends of a continuous spectrum, from nearly equal to completely unequal sharing of electrons.
C)  Both involve electrical attraction between the electrons of one atom and the nucleus of the other atom.
D)  Ionic interactions remain when covalent bonds are broken in water. Ionic bonds are much stronger than covalent bonds.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Phosphorus-32, a radioactive isotope of phosphorus-31 (atomic number 15) , undergoes a form of radioactive decay whereby a neutron turns into a proton and emits radiation in the form of an electron. What is the product of such radioactive decay of phosphorus-32?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus-31
B)  a positively charged phosphorus-31 ion
C)  a negatively charged phosphorus-32 ion
D)  sulphur-32 (atomic number 16) 
E)  the conversion of the phosphorus-32 atom into pure energyF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable.
-Compared with ³¹P, the radioactive isotope ³²P has

Accepted Answer

A)  a different atomic number.
B)  a different charge.
C)  one more proton.
D)  one more electron.
E)  one more neutron.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following correctly describes any reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  The concentration of the reactants equals the concentration of the products.
B)  The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
C)  All of the reactants have been converted to the products of the reaction.
D)  All of the products have been converted to the reactants of the reaction.
E)  Both the forward and the reverse reactions have stopped with no net effect on the concentration of the reactants and the products.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Which of these systems is least likely to be at chemical equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  a test tube of living cells
B)  a test tube of organic molecules, kept in the freezer
C)  a test tube of dry organic molecules, kept at room temperature
D)  a test tube of organic molecules dissolved in water, kept at room temperature
E)  a test tube of dead cells in water, kept at room temperatureF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Van der Waals interactions result when

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrid orbitals overlap.
B)  electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule.
C)  molecules held by ionic bonds react with water.
D)  two polar covalent bonds react.
E)  a hydrogen atom loses an electron.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-How many electrons does an atom of sulphur have in its valence shell (see the figure above) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  4
B)  6
C)  8
D)  16
E)  32F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable.
-This solution has

Accepted Answer

A)  used up all the reactants, so no more product can be made.
B)  used up all the product, so no more reaction is occurring.
C)  reached equilibrium, where there is no more formation of the product.
D)  reached equilibrium, where the net formation of both product and reactants is neutral.
E)  become saturated.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the atoms described below?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are isomers.
B)  They are polymers.
C)  They are isotopes.
D)  They contain 1 and 3 protons, respectively.
E)  They each contain 1 neutron.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

If a salamander relied on hydrogen bonds to cling to surfaces, what type of surface would cause the most problems for this animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  a surface coated with a thin film of water
B)  a surface made with carbon and hydrogen atoms covalently bonded together
C)  a surface made with carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together
D)  a surface made with carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together
E)  a surface made with silicon and oxygen atoms covalently bonded togetherF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following molecules contains the most polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  H₂
B)  O₂
C)  CO₂
D)  H₂O
E)  CH₄F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Atoms whose outer electron shells contain 8 electrons tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  form ions in aqueous solutions.
B)  form hydrogen bonds in aqueous solutions.
C)  be stable and chemically nonreactive, or inert.
D)  be gaseous at room temperature.
E)  be both chemically inert and gaseous at room temperature.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The atomic number of each atom is given to the left of each of the elements below. Which of the atoms has the same valence as carbon (  ) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  ₇N nitrogen
B)  ₉F fluorine
C)  ₁₀Ne neon
D)  ₁₂Mg magnesium
E)  ₁₄Si siliconF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Plants that are capable of thriving in serpentine soil can do so as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection.
B)  chance.
C)  chemical neutralization of contaminants.
D)  generating their own essential elements.
E)  serpentine soil poses no challenge to plants.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 19

About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen
B)  carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen
C)  oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen
D)  carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
E)  carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, calciumF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

A dalton is a unit of

Accepted Answer

A)  distance.
B)  weight.
C)  mass.
D)  bond strength.
E)  energy.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Which of the following correctly describes any reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?

Correct Answer
verified

In comparing covalent bonds and ionic bonds, which of the following would you expect?

Correct Answer
verified

Van der Waals interactions result when

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable. -The reactivity of an atom arises from

Correct Answer
verified

Phosphorus-32, a radioactive isotope of phosphorus-31 (atomic number 15) , undergoes a form of radioactive decay whereby a neutron turns into a proton and emits radiation in the form of an electron. What is the product of such radioactive decay of phosphorus-32?

Correct Answer
verified

If a salamander relied on hydrogen bonds to cling to surfaces, what type of surface would cause the most problems for this animal?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these systems is least likely to be at chemical equilibrium?

Correct Answer
verified

Chemical bond/interaction strength appears in what order?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the atoms described below?

Correct Answer
verified

A dalton is a unit of

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -How many electrons does an atom of sulphur have in its valence shell (see the figure above) ?

Correct Answer
verified

The combining of the metal, sodium, with the poisonous gas, chlorine, to produce an edible product, salt, is a good example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following molecules contains the most polar covalent bond?

Correct Answer
verified

About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable. -This solution has

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form a polar covalent bond?

Correct Answer
verified

Atoms whose outer electron shells contain 8 electrons tend to

Correct Answer
verified

Plants that are capable of thriving in serpentine soil can do so as a result of

Correct Answer
verified

The atomic number of each atom is given to the left of each of the elements below. Which of the atoms has the same valence as carbon ( ) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Which of the following correctly describes any reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In comparing covalent bonds and ionic bonds, which of the following would you expect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Van der Waals interactions result when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable. -The reactivity of an atom arises from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phosphorus-32, a radioactive isotope of phosphorus-31 (atomic number 15) , undergoes a form of radioactive decay whereby a neutron turns into a proton and emits radiation in the form of an electron. What is the product of such radioactive decay of phosphorus-32?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a salamander relied on hydrogen bonds to cling to surfaces, what type of surface would cause the most problems for this animal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these systems is least likely to be at chemical equilibrium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical bond/interaction strength appears in what order?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the atoms described below?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A dalton is a unit of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -How many electrons does an atom of sulphur have in its valence shell (see the figure above) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The combining of the metal, sodium, with the poisonous gas, chlorine, to produce an edible product, salt, is a good example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following molecules contains the most polar covalent bond?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You are investigating how chemical reactions occur. You place two reactants together and measure the concentration of product at regular intervals. After a time, the amount of product becomes stable. -This solution has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form a polar covalent bond?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atoms whose outer electron shells contain 8 electrons tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plants that are capable of thriving in serpentine soil can do so as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The atomic number of each atom is given to the left of each of the elements below. Which of the atoms has the same valence as carbon ( ) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified