Question 1

Superstitious behaviors are observed in people, not in other animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The most complex serious games allow students to explore an imaginary situation or "microworld" to learn to solve real-world problems. By seeing the effects of their choices, students discover basic principles in a variety of subjects. These complex serious games are called

Accepted Answer

A)   token economies.
B)   educational simulations.
C)   latent learning exercises.
D)   educational feedback loops.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Many of the emotional (positive or negative)  attitudes that people develop toward foods, political parties, and ethnic groups were developed in childhood by observing how their parents responded to these same foods or groups. Thus, these reactions were probably conditioned

Accepted Answer

A)   through negative transference.
B)   by insight learning.
C)   by response chaining.
D)   vicariously.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Most nights Ian comes home from work, turns on the TV, and eats a whole bag of cookies or chips. He then takes a shower and changes clothes. By supper time, he has lost his appetite. Ian realizes he is substituting junk food for supper, and wants to change this habit. To do this, he decides to shower immediately when he gets home and avoid turning on the TV until after supper. Ian will be utilizing the strategy that involves

Accepted Answer

A)   breaking up response chains.
B)   cues and antecedents.
C)   alternate responses.
D)   extinction.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The schedule of reinforcement in which a set number of responses must be made for each reward is called

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed ratio.
B)   fixed interval.
C)   variable ratio.
D)   variable interval.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Mitzi is extremely afraid of cats because she was badly scratched by one when she was younger. Abby is also afraid of cats, although she has never been scratched by one. However, Abby's mother is also afraid of cats. 
(a) Explain the way that Mitzi developed her phobia, using the US, UR, CS, and CR. 
(b) Explain the way Abby developed her phobia. 
(c) Describe how Mitzi, Abby, and Abby's mother could overcome their phobias.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include the following:
(a) ...

Question 7

Regarding associative and cognitive learning, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Learning from written language is considered a complex form of associative learning.
B)   Some animals besides humans do engage in simpler forms of cognitive learning.
C)   Associative learning requires relatively little awareness or thought .
D)   Humans share the important capacity for associative learning with many other species.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

If you learn to make a response that will end an unpleasant or aversive situation, then you are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)   avoidance learning.
B)   escape learning.
C)   latent learning.
D)   respondent conditioning.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

An emotional response that has been linked to a previously nonemotional stimulus by classical conditioning is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned emotional response (CER) .
B)   emitted stimulus behavior (ES
B)  .
C)   unconditioned cognitive emotion (UC
E)  .
D)   artifically-elicited emotion (AE
E)  .E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following behaviors is the LEAST likely to reoccur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jordan grabs a fragile dish and is scolded by his aunt.
B)   Sara grabs a branch of a rose bush and hurts her hand.
C)   Patti climbs on top of the table, and her mother puts her in time out.
D)   Cara grabs her brother's toy, and her father slaps her hand.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Cynthia is an elementary classroom teacher who often yells and humiliates her students when they misbehave. A fellow teacher suggests that she use praise, approval, and rewards to change the students' behaviors. According to research, what would you tell Cynthia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Her yelling and humiliation strategies will eventually work if she is consistent and intensifies this approach.
B)   Using physical punishment to correct her students' misbehaviors would be the most effective method for her to use.
C)   The use of praise, approval, and reward are largely ineffective in controlling students' misbehaviors.
D)   The minimum punishment for misbehavior is the most effective.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

You are a very good bowler now, but you did not start out that way. Your father reinforced you for each small improvement you made over several months through a process known as shaping.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A few weeks after giving up on buying state lottery tickets, many people are tempted to try again, thus, illustrating the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   spontaneous recovery.
B)   stimulus generalization.
C)   superstitious behavior.
D)   satiation.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

In its simplest form, classical conditioning depends on

Accepted Answer

A)   instrumental learning.
B)   learned fears.
C)   unconditioned reflex responses.
D)   the consequences of responding.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Which of the following is a real world example of using positive reinforcement to change people's behaviors so that they would increase their conservation efforts?

Accepted Answer

A)   providing information regarding the number of gallons of water consumed that week
B)   providing rebates for buying energy-efficient appliances or cars
C)   placing an energy tax on gasoline
D)   none of theseE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

In classical conditioning, the most important aspects for the learning to take place are the

Accepted Answer

A)   antecedents.
B)   consequences.
C)   latent reflexes.
D)   punishers.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of latent learning?

Accepted Answer

A)   knowing where the emergency exits are in a theater even though you have never used them
B)   becoming emotional in the presence of bees after you receive a bee sting
C)   Pavlov's dogs learning to salivate to a bell
D)   a person in an institution being rewarded for exhibiting healthy behavior with tokensE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Jimmy helps his father put away the dishes after dinner. If Jimmy's father wants to increase the probability of this behavior, he will be most successful by praising Jimmy

Accepted Answer

A)   after all the dishes are put away.
B)   at bedtime.
C)   the next morning at breakfast.
D)   the next time that some dishes need to be put away.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

When using behavioral self-management, one primarily utilizes the principles of classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In recent years, the violent crime rate among youth has risen even as sales of violent video games have declined.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Which of the following behaviors is the LEAST likely to reoccur?

Correct Answer
verified

In its simplest form, classical conditioning depends on

Correct Answer
verified

In recent years, the violent crime rate among youth has risen even as sales of violent video games have declined.

Correct Answer
verified

Cynthia is an elementary classroom teacher who often yells and humiliates her students when they misbehave. A fellow teacher suggests that she use praise, approval, and rewards to change the students' behaviors. According to research, what would you tell Cynthia?

Correct Answer
verified

The schedule of reinforcement in which a set number of responses must be made for each reward is called

Correct Answer
verified

When using behavioral self-management, one primarily utilizes the principles of classical conditioning.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answer will include the following:
(a) ...
View Answer

Which of the following is an example of latent learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Superstitious behaviors are observed in people, not in other animals.

Correct Answer
verified

The most complex serious games allow students to explore an imaginary situation or "microworld" to learn to solve real-world problems. By seeing the effects of their choices, students discover basic principles in a variety of subjects. These complex serious games are called

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning, the most important aspects for the learning to take place are the

Correct Answer
verified

You are a very good bowler now, but you did not start out that way. Your father reinforced you for each small improvement you made over several months through a process known as shaping.

Correct Answer
verified

Jimmy helps his father put away the dishes after dinner. If Jimmy's father wants to increase the probability of this behavior, he will be most successful by praising Jimmy

Correct Answer
verified

A few weeks after giving up on buying state lottery tickets, many people are tempted to try again, thus, illustrating the concept of

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Regarding associative and cognitive learning, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

An emotional response that has been linked to a previously nonemotional stimulus by classical conditioning is called a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

If you learn to make a response that will end an unpleasant or aversive situation, then you are exhibiting

Correct Answer
verified

Many of the emotional (positive or negative) attitudes that people develop toward foods, political parties, and ethnic groups were developed in childhood by observing how their parents responded to these same foods or groups. Thus, these reactions were probably conditioned

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a real world example of using positive reinforcement to change people's behaviors so that they would increase their conservation efforts?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Which of the following behaviors is the LEAST likely to reoccur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In its simplest form, classical conditioning depends on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In recent years, the violent crime rate among youth has risen even as sales of violent video games have declined.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cynthia is an elementary classroom teacher who often yells and humiliates her students when they misbehave. A fellow teacher suggests that she use praise, approval, and rewards to change the students' behaviors. According to research, what would you tell Cynthia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The schedule of reinforcement in which a set number of responses must be made for each reward is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When using behavioral self-management, one primarily utilizes the principles of classical conditioning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer will include the following: (a) ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of latent learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Superstitious behaviors are observed in people, not in other animals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most complex serious games allow students to explore an imaginary situation or "microworld" to learn to solve real-world problems. By seeing the effects of their choices, students discover basic principles in a variety of subjects. These complex serious games are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, the most important aspects for the learning to take place are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are a very good bowler now, but you did not start out that way. Your father reinforced you for each small improvement you made over several months through a process known as shaping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jimmy helps his father put away the dishes after dinner. If Jimmy's father wants to increase the probability of this behavior, he will be most successful by praising Jimmy

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A few weeks after giving up on buying state lottery tickets, many people are tempted to try again, thus, illustrating the concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding associative and cognitive learning, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An emotional response that has been linked to a previously nonemotional stimulus by classical conditioning is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you learn to make a response that will end an unpleasant or aversive situation, then you are exhibiting

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many of the emotional (positive or negative) attitudes that people develop toward foods, political parties, and ethnic groups were developed in childhood by observing how their parents responded to these same foods or groups. Thus, these reactions were probably conditioned

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a real world example of using positive reinforcement to change people's behaviors so that they would increase their conservation efforts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answer will include the following:
(a) ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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