Question 1

Which theory can best account for the finding that certain responses are more easily conditioned in avoidance training procedures?

Accepted Answer

A)  the two-process theory of avoidance
B)  the safety-signal hypothesis
C)  SSDR theory
D)  shock-frequency reduction theoryE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Criminal Bob just spent 5 months in jail for robbing a store.Criminal Sally spent 1 week in jail for the same crime. The next time they were caught, each was sentenced to 3 months in jail.This second sentence is most likely to suppress the later criminal behavior of

Accepted Answer

A)  Sally more than Bob.
B)  Bob more than Sally.
C)  both Sally and Bob equally to a high degree.
D)  both Sally and Bob equally poorly.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Which theory suggests that the stimuli accompanying avoidance responses provide positive reinforcement for avoidance behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  the response prevention theory
B)  the safety-signal hypothesis
C)  the shock-frequency reduction hypothesis
D)  the two-process theory of avoidanceE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Due to its reliance on cognitive mechanisms, which of the following theories of avoidance is most successfully applied to human behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  safety signal hypothesis
B)  SSDR theory
C)  predatory imminence hypothesis
D)  expectancy theory of avoidanceE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Bobby wears red socks to every exam because he says that wearing them gives him the feeling that he will not fail, as the first time he wore red socks he did not fail a difficult exam.The report of his behavior supports

Accepted Answer

A)  the predatory imminence theory.
B)  the expectancy theory of avoidance.
C)  SSDR theory.
D)  none of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

How is avoidance responding related to conditioned fear and the expectation of aversive stimulation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is avoidance responding related to conditioned...

Question 7

Which theory assumes that the selection among possible defensive avoidance responses is greatly influenced by different levels of perceived danger?

Accepted Answer

A)  SSDR theory
B)  the safety-signal hypothesis
C)  the predatory imminence hypothesis
D)  the shock-frequency reduction theoryE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Your new client has a fear of exams and to avoid them has been skipping class altogether.What can you do to eliminate this disruptive avoidance behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your new client has a fear of...

Question 9

Compare and contrast discriminated and free-operant avoidance procedures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast discriminated and free-operant avoidance...

Question 10

Which theory views the avoidance of shock as critical to the reinforcement of avoidance behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  the safety-signal hypothesis
B)  SSDR theory
C)  the two-process theory of avoidance
D)  shock-frequency reduction theoryE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Your friend checks her shoes before riding on the escalator, to make sure they are tied and will not get caught between the moving steps.You recognize her behavior as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  active avoidance
B)  passive avoidance
C)  an escape response
D)  a flooding responseE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Twenty dogs are initially presented with numerous CS-tone/US-footshock pairings.These dogs are then placed in a shuttle box, and movement from one side of the shuttle to the other terminates periodic presentations of the CS tone.No shocks are delivered in the shuttle box.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a conditioned suppression procedure.
B)  an omission training procedure.
C)  an escape from fear procedure.
D)  a learned helplessness procedure.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

What type of learning has been demonstrated in neurons of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pavlovian conditioning
B)  Instrumental conditioning
C)  a form of learned helplessness conditioning
D)  all of the aboveE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

During avoidance training, subjects are also given periodic conditioned suppression tests with the shock-avoidance CS.With extended avoidance training, response suppression

Accepted Answer

A)  remains constant.
B)  increases.
C)  begins to fluctuate around a relatively high asymptote.
D)  decreases.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

In a discriminated avoidance procedure, the CS is

Accepted Answer

A)  always followed by the aversive US.
B)  never followed by the aversive US.
C)  followed by the aversive US if the subject makes the CR.
D)  not followed by the aversive US if the subject makes the CR.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The difference between an escape trial and an avoidance trial is that

Accepted Answer

A)  escape is active avoidance and avoidance trials are passive avoidance.
B)  escape trials are passive avoidance and avoidance trials are active.
C)  the aversive US is delivered during an escape trial but not in an avoidance trial.
D)  the aversive US is delivered during an avoidance trial but not in an escape trial.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Your friend tells you that she studies to avoid getting bad grades.Her explanation of the behavior is most like

Accepted Answer

A)  the safety-signal hypothesis.
B)  SSDR theory.
C)  shock-frequency reduction theory.
D)  the two-process theory of avoidance.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Compare avoidance and escape trials.Provide an example of each from common human experience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare avoidance and escape trials.Provide an example...

Question 19

Suppose you want an organism to learn to make avoidance responses in a free-operant avoidance procedure.To aid in training, you should provide

Accepted Answer

A)  a longer S-S interval and a shorter R-S interval.
B)  a longer R-S interval and a shorter S-S interval.
C)  short S-S and R-S intervals.
D)  long S-S and R-S intervals.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Keith's father is pleased to note that Keith no longer spends his afternoons breaking windows.According to his father, this change in behavior is due to Keith's fear of punishment, but Keith says that he no longer breaks windows because he likes working on cars and no longer has time to find windows to break.Keith's attitude reflects the assumptions of

Accepted Answer

A)  the conditioned emotional response theory of punishment.
B)  the avoidance theory of punishment.
C)  the predatory imminence hypothesis.
D)  the negative law of effect.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 10: Averse Control

Criminal Bob just spent 5 months in jail for robbing a store.Criminal Sally spent 1 week in jail for the same crime. The next time they were caught, each was sentenced to 3 months in jail.This second sentence is most likely to suppress the later criminal behavior of

Correct Answer
verified

Your friend checks her shoes before riding on the escalator, to make sure they are tied and will not get caught between the moving steps.You recognize her behavior as which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

What type of learning has been demonstrated in neurons of the spinal cord?

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose you want an organism to learn to make avoidance responses in a free-operant avoidance procedure.To aid in training, you should provide

Correct Answer
verified

Due to its reliance on cognitive mechanisms, which of the following theories of avoidance is most successfully applied to human behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

During avoidance training, subjects are also given periodic conditioned suppression tests with the shock-avoidance CS.With extended avoidance training, response suppression

Correct Answer
verified

Your friend tells you that she studies to avoid getting bad grades.Her explanation of the behavior is most like

Correct Answer
verified

Twenty dogs are initially presented with numerous CS-tone/US-footshock pairings.These dogs are then placed in a shuttle box, and movement from one side of the shuttle to the other terminates periodic presentations of the CS tone.No shocks are delivered in the shuttle box.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

In a discriminated avoidance procedure, the CS is

Correct Answer
verified

Which theory suggests that the stimuli accompanying avoidance responses provide positive reinforcement for avoidance behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Compare and contrast discriminated and free-operant avoidance procedures.

Correct Answer
verified

Which theory assumes that the selection among possible defensive avoidance responses is greatly influenced by different levels of perceived danger?

Correct Answer
verified

Which theory views the avoidance of shock as critical to the reinforcement of avoidance behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

How is avoidance responding related to conditioned fear and the expectation of aversive stimulation?

Correct Answer
verified

Compare avoidance and escape trials.Provide an example of each from common human experience.

Correct Answer
verified

Bobby wears red socks to every exam because he says that wearing them gives him the feeling that he will not fail, as the first time he wore red socks he did not fail a difficult exam.The report of his behavior supports

Correct Answer
verified

Your new client has a fear of exams and to avoid them has been skipping class altogether.What can you do to eliminate this disruptive avoidance behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

The difference between an escape trial and an avoidance trial is that

Correct Answer
verified

Which theory can best account for the finding that certain responses are more easily conditioned in avoidance training procedures?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Averse Control

Criminal Bob just spent 5 months in jail for robbing a store.Criminal Sally spent 1 week in jail for the same crime. The next time they were caught, each was sentenced to 3 months in jail.This second sentence is most likely to suppress the later criminal behavior of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend checks her shoes before riding on the escalator, to make sure they are tied and will not get caught between the moving steps.You recognize her behavior as which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of learning has been demonstrated in neurons of the spinal cord?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose you want an organism to learn to make avoidance responses in a free-operant avoidance procedure.To aid in training, you should provide

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Due to its reliance on cognitive mechanisms, which of the following theories of avoidance is most successfully applied to human behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During avoidance training, subjects are also given periodic conditioned suppression tests with the shock-avoidance CS.With extended avoidance training, response suppression

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend tells you that she studies to avoid getting bad grades.Her explanation of the behavior is most like

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Twenty dogs are initially presented with numerous CS-tone/US-footshock pairings.These dogs are then placed in a shuttle box, and movement from one side of the shuttle to the other terminates periodic presentations of the CS tone.No shocks are delivered in the shuttle box.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a discriminated avoidance procedure, the CS is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory suggests that the stimuli accompanying avoidance responses provide positive reinforcement for avoidance behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast discriminated and free-operant avoidance procedures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory assumes that the selection among possible defensive avoidance responses is greatly influenced by different levels of perceived danger?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory views the avoidance of shock as critical to the reinforcement of avoidance behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is avoidance responding related to conditioned fear and the expectation of aversive stimulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare avoidance and escape trials.Provide an example of each from common human experience.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bobby wears red socks to every exam because he says that wearing them gives him the feeling that he will not fail, as the first time he wore red socks he did not fail a difficult exam.The report of his behavior supports

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your new client has a fear of exams and to avoid them has been skipping class altogether.What can you do to eliminate this disruptive avoidance behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difference between an escape trial and an avoidance trial is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory can best account for the finding that certain responses are more easily conditioned in avoidance training procedures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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