Question 1

Geographic isolation is not a factor in sympatric speciation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Homologous structures

Accepted Answer

A)   have identical functions.
B)   have fully divergent functions.
C)   are also called analogous structures.
D)   are only shared by organisms of the same genus.
E)   are often shared by organisms in the same line of descent.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

The term parsimony implies that

Accepted Answer

A)   the three-domain system is superior to the five-kingdom system of classification.
B)   molecular data are more accurate in implying evolutionary relationships than homology.
C)   the fewer assumptions that are made, the more probable the conclusion.
D)   smaller clades are more accurate than larger clades.
E)   shared derived traits shared by fewer organisms are more correct than those shared by more organisms.F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)   era - period - epoch
B)   epoch - period - era
C)   era - epoch - period
D)   epoch - era - period
E)   period - epoch - eraF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is thought to have contributed to the many mass extinction events that have occurred throughout Earth's history?

Accepted Answer

A)   plate tectonics
B)   habitat loss
C)   meteorite impacts
D)   continental drift
E)   All of the above describe factors that have contributed to mass extinctions events.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Pinus strobus is the scientific name for the white pine. Pinus is the

Accepted Answer

A)   specific epithet.
B)   genus.
C)   binomial name.
D)   family name.
E)   order name.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 7

A shared ancestral characteristic used in cladistics is found

Accepted Answer

A)   only in the two most recent ancestors.
B)   only among the members of the ingroup.
C)   in both the outgroup and the ingroup.
D)   in two of the outgroups.
E)   only in the most distant ancestor.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of the characters in a clade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following correctly shows a possible order of events resulting in allopatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)   postzygotic reproductive isolation - geographic isolation - natural selection
B)   geographic isolation - prezygotic reproductive isolation - genetic drift
C)   geographic isolation - natural selection - prezygotic reproductive isolation
D)   natural selection - postzygotic reproductive isolation - geographic isolation
E)   natural selection - prezygotic reproductive isolation - postzygotic reproductive isolationF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Which event is specific to the Cretaceous mass extinction?

Accepted Answer

A)   dramatic environmental change
B)   shifting wind patterns
C)   shifting ocean currents
D)   a decrease in the amount of shallow marine habitat
E)   a large meteor impactF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is inconsistent with the punctuated equilibrium model?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is a period of no change interrupted by speciation.
B)   Transitional fossils are less likely to be found.
C)   It is difficult to determine when speciation occurred.
D)   It often involves an isolated subpopulation.
E)   Speciation often occurs rapidly.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Two organisms present in the same genus are usually more closely related to each other than to organisms in other genera.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 14

Which of the following is a postzygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Accepted Answer

A)   The two species occupy different habitats.
B)   The two species are active during different parts of the day.
C)   The two species mate during different times of the year.
D)   The two species have incompatible genitalia.
E)   The two species can mate, but the offspring are sterile.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D) E

Question 15

The ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of different organisms are often compared as a means to classify them because rRNA genes evolve much more slowly than other genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Shared derived traits

Accepted Answer

A)   are shared only by common ancestors.
B)   are shared by all organisms on the cladogram.
C)   are found within members of the outgroup.
D)   are homologies found only in certain members of the ingroup.
E)   are homologies found between the ingroup and the outgroup.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C) D

Question 17

A zygote fails to undergo mitosis because of a mismatch in the number of chromosomes. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   hybrid sterility.
B)   zygote mortality.
C)   prezygotic isolation.
D)   temporal isolation.
E)   allopatric speciation.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Accepted Answer

A)   molecular evidence and anatomical homologies.
B)   molecular evidence, anatomical homologies, and fossil records.
C)   molecular evidence, anatomical analogies, and fossil records.
D)   molecular evidence and fossil records.
E)   molecular evidence, anatomical homologies, anatomical analogies, and fossil records.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

A reproductive barrier that prevents interbreeding because the two species mate during different times of the year is called

Accepted Answer

A)   hybrid sterility isolation.
B)   gamete isolation.
C)   F 2 fitness isolation.
D)   temporal isolation.
E)   behavioral isolation.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

The fossils of a new species of reptile are found in deposits dating to the Permian period. Later, scientists discover that fossils of the reptile species changed somewhat over time and can be found in deposits dating from the Permian period all the way up to the Cretaceous period. The scientists' observations most strongly support which evolutionary model(s) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   allopatric speciation
B)   punctuated evolution
C)   adaptive radiation
D)   both allopatric speciation and adaptive radiation
E)   gradualistic evolutionF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 16: Evolution on a Large Scale

Geographic isolation is not a factor in sympatric speciation.

Correct Answer
verified

Homologous structures

Correct Answer
verified

The term parsimony implies that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is thought to have contributed to the many mass extinction events that have occurred throughout Earth's history?

Correct Answer
verified

Pinus strobus is the scientific name for the white pine. Pinus is the

Correct Answer
verified

A shared ancestral characteristic used in cladistics is found

Correct Answer
verified

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of the characters in a clade.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly shows a possible order of events resulting in allopatric speciation?

Correct Answer
verified

Which event is specific to the Cretaceous mass extinction?

Correct Answer
verified

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is inconsistent with the punctuated equilibrium model?

Correct Answer
verified

Two organisms present in the same genus are usually more closely related to each other than to organisms in other genera.

Correct Answer
verified
True

Which of the following is a postzygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Correct Answer
verified
E

The ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of different organisms are often compared as a means to classify them because rRNA genes evolve much more slowly than other genes.

Correct Answer
verified

Shared derived traits

Correct Answer
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D

A zygote fails to undergo mitosis because of a mismatch in the number of chromosomes. This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Correct Answer
verified

A reproductive barrier that prevents interbreeding because the two species mate during different times of the year is called

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Exam 16: Evolution on a Large Scale

Geographic isolation is not a factor in sympatric speciation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homologous structures

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term parsimony implies that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly reflects the division of the history of life on Earth, from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is thought to have contributed to the many mass extinction events that have occurred throughout Earth's history?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pinus strobus is the scientific name for the white pine. Pinus is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A shared ancestral characteristic used in cladistics is found

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cladograms show the sequence of evolution of the characters in a clade.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly shows a possible order of events resulting in allopatric speciation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which event is specific to the Cretaceous mass extinction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use of chemical signals in mate recognition is a type of postzygotic isolating mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is inconsistent with the punctuated equilibrium model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two organisms present in the same genus are usually more closely related to each other than to organisms in other genera.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Which of the following is a postzygotic isolating mechanism for two species found in the same geographical location?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of different organisms are often compared as a means to classify them because rRNA genes evolve much more slowly than other genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shared derived traits

Correct AnswerverifiedD

A zygote fails to undergo mitosis because of a mismatch in the number of chromosomes. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reproductive barrier that prevents interbreeding because the two species mate during different times of the year is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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True

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E

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D

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