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Armando Investment Group wants to take over TechInfo. Armando offers several key shareholders of TechInfo a price above full market value for their stock. What type of takeover is Armando contemplating?


A) Leveraged Buyout.
B) Tender Offer.
C) Exchange Offer.
D) Cash Tender Offer.
E) Exchanged Tender Offer.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Merger cannot occur between foreign (out-of-state) corporations.

A) True
B) False

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[Battle for the Board] The Board of Directors of InfoHub, an internet service provider, contains 9 directors. Two of the directors, Jude and Rostan, decide they want to replace several of the directors with individuals who support their position and then take over the Board and control the company. Jude thinks it's a long shot, but Rostan tells him they could do it because Rostan has gradually been accumulating shares and they can get a majority of proxies on their side. Jude says the proxies are not important, because it's the shareholders that vote for the members of the board but it is difficult for them to find the names of shareholders. Rostan tells him not to worry, because he will get the shareholder list and focus only a few key shareholders, then get their proxies on his side before the next shareholder meeting. -Is InfoHub likely to refuse to provide the shareholder list?


A) Probably not. Most companies provide them voluntarily because federal law requires target corporations to assist aggressors in some ways.
B) Probably not, since companies are required to provide them.
C) Yes, corporations always refuse to provide shareholder lists because of the threat of takeovers.
D) Yes, although federal law requires target corporations to assist aggressors in some ways, aggressors are prohibited from access to shareholder lists.
E) Yes, federal securities law protects target corporations from aggressors.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following was a finding of the court in Shiftan v. Morgan Joseph Holdings Inc., the case in the text involving stock appraisal rights following a merger?


A) That standard rules of contract interpretation do not apply to the interpretation of certificates of incorporation.
B) That the doctrine of contra proferentem, meaning that contracts are construed in accordance with standard criteria for contract interpretation, is applied when interpreting certificates of incorporation.
C) That parol evidence, while often available, is inadmissible when interpreting certificates of incorporation.
D) That an appraisal proceeding takes into account and considers any relevant element of value arising from the accomplishment or expectation of a merger or consolidation.
E) That in valuing the stock at issue, the fact that the stock would have been entitled to a mandatory redemption a few months after the merger was irrelevant.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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When involuntary dissolution occurs, courts automatically appoint a receiver.

A) True
B) False

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When an asset purchase occurs, the acquiring corporation assumes ownership and control over tangible, but not intangible, assets of the selling corporation.

A) True
B) False

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[Green Trees] Keith, the president of Grow True Corporation, a company that provides landscaping services, wanted his corporation to purchase Grassroots Corporation, another corporation providing landscaping services. The board of Grassroots Corporation, however, did not wish to sell. The board of Grow True Corporation decided to buy any or all of Grassroots Corporation's stock in order to gain control of Grassroots Corporation. The management of Grassroots Corporation and its board strongly objected to the attempt by Grow True Corporation to take over the company. Grow True Corporation offered to purchase stock held by Grassroots shareholders at a price substantially above the current market value of the stock. When that strategy was not wholly successful, Grow True Corporation offered to give shareholders of Grassroots Corporation stock in Grow True Corporation in return for their Grassroots Corporation stock. -Which of the following terms describes Grow True Corporation in its attempt to buy any or all of Grassroots Corporation's voting shares


A) Bully
B) Aggressor
C) Pusher
D) Demander
E) Incentive giver

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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According to the text, there are three circumstances under which a corporation acquiring assets assumes the liabilities of the selling corporation. Please list all three circumstances.

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A corporation acquiring assets assumes t...

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Shareholder approval is not required for consolidation.

A) True
B) False

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[Gaming Merger] Calvin and Daniella each own 5% of GamePower, a video game design company. GamePower is seeking to merge with GameKing, and before a shareholder meeting, Calvin and Daniella email all other shareholders and corporate representatives about their disagreement with the proposed transaction. At the shareholder meeting, they vote against the merger with GameKing, but, 90% of the shareholders vote in favor of the merger. Calvin tells Daniella that it is not fair that they are forced to be part of GameKing. Daniella tells him they have no choice, so get used to it. -What, if any, option do Calvin and Daniella have if they do not want to be part of the merged corporation?


A) As dissenting shareholders, they cannot overrule the majority's vote.
B) They have no options because the law does not protect shareholders from one another.
C) They have no options because 90% of the shareholders voted in favor of the merger, thus, they cannot exercise their appraisal rights.
D) They can exercise their appraisal rights and receive monetary compensation from the corporation for their value.
E) Because 90% of the shareholders voted in favor of the merger, there are no other steps Calvin and Daniella can take.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Mergers and consolidations are considered the same thing under the law.

A) True
B) False

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Dissolution is the process by which a board of directors converts a corporation's assets into cash and distributes them among creditors and shareholders.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following results in a "chose in action"?


A) The surviving corporation's right to sue Sean for amounts owed.
B) The right of Alec to sue the surviving corporation for damages.
C) The right of Tyler to a golden parachute if he is terminated after the joining.
D) The right of Byron to fire Tyler after the merger.
E) The right of shareholders to dissent from the joining of the corporations for 30 days following.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements is true about procedures for appraisal rights of dissenting shareholders?


A) The procedures governing appraisal rights are minimal.
B) Dissenting shareholders need only express their dissent the procedures do not need to be strictly followed.
C) Depending on the jurisdiction, dissenting shareholders may be stripped of their rights, including the right to vote.
D) The legal status of dissenting shareholders never changes.
E) Shareholders who lose their legal status also lose their right to sue.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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[Skateboard Growth] Both Tyler and Byron were presidents of small corporations involved with manufacturing and selling skateboards. Tyler's store was called "Thrasher Skateboard" and Byron's business was called "Skateboard for Health." Because a large sports store was coming into town, they, along with the boards of directors of the two companies and all shareholders, decided that it would be a good idea to combine the businesses. They decided to retain the name "Skateboard for Health." However, Tyler was concerned with the change because, on behalf of his company, he was contemplating filing a lawsuit against Sean who had purchased 10 custom skateboards and had not paid for them. He was excited, however, about the prospect of not being liable for a lawsuit he expects to be filed by Alec who fell and sustained a serious ankle sprain and medical bills when a wheel came off of a skateboard sold by Tyler's corporation. After investigation, Tyler is aware that the wheel was negligently attached to the skateboard. Tyler told Byron that one reason he wanted to retain Byron's name was to prevent Alec from being able to recover against him. -Which of the following is the appropriate term for the action contemplated by Tyler and Byron to combine the businesses under the name "Skateboard for Health"?


A) Merger
B) Consolidation
C) Asset purchase
D) Restructuring
E) Reforming

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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By offering to purchase the stock of Grassroots Corporation at a price above its current market value, Grow True Corporation made a[n] ________.


A) Cash purchase offer
B) Above market offer
C) Substantial offer
D) Hostile offer
E) Tender offer

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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E

The surviving entity in a merger situation is ________


A) not liable for any of the debts of the absorbed corporations.
B) liable for all debts and obligations of any absorbed corporation.
C) liable for only half of the debts and obligations of any absorbed corporation.
D) liable only for the debts and obligations that are known to the absorbing corporation.
E) liable for the debts that the shareholders agree to pay of the absorbing corporation.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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B

A merger or consolidation plan must be approved only by the boards of directors of the most prominent of the merging or consolidating company.

A) True
B) False

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[Corporate Death] Janelle is president and a large shareholder in RecyCALL, a corporation that sells used cellular telephones. Although the company was not insolvent, sales had been significantly down, and Janelle decided that it would be a good idea to discontinue the business. The board of directors agreed with her. The board members presented the proposal to discontinue the corporation to shareholders. Initially, Ahmed, a disgruntled shareholder, opposed ending the corporation. He claimed that the problem was that Janelle had done a poor job in management. Janelle planned to go forward with the termination of the company because a majority of the shareholders agreed. Ahmed, however, came around; and upon a second vote to discontinue the corporation, the vote was unanimous. Tony, a vice president of the corporation, was aware of a few outstanding debts owed by RecyCALL. He suggested hurrying along quietly with ending the corporation because any claims not made before the corporation was dissolved could be avoided. Janelle told him that she was not sure that was a good idea. Therefore, the company proceeded with all appropriate notifications. When the time came to liquidate the corporation, the members of the board did not want to participate. Janelle was concerned about what action to take at that point because she really wanted to be finished with RecyCALL. -Which of the following is the proper term for the plan to discontinue RecyCALL?


A) Voluntary corporate discontinuance
B) Involuntary corporate discontinuance
C) Voluntary relinquishment
D) Voluntary dissolution
E) Involuntary dissolution

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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After reviewing the plan to ensure that the corporations have satisfied all legal requirements,


A) the secretary of state issues a certificate to grant approval for the merger
B) the SEC must issue a certificate of acceptance of a merger.
C) The courts must approve the legal plans of the merger.
D) The creditors must approve the merger of the assets.
E) The Governor of the incorporating state must approve the merger.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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A

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