Question 1

Cyanide binds with at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the

Accepted Answer

A)   mitochondria.
B)   ribosomes.
C)   peroxisomes.
D)   lysosomes.
E)   endoplasmic reticulum.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Which of the trees in this figure groups the domains according to similarities in cellular size and architecture?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   DE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   ER → Golgi → nucleus
B)   Golgi →ER →lysosome
C)   nucleus →ER →Golgi
D)   ER →Golgi →vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
E)   ER →lysosomes →vesicles that fuse with plasma membraneF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   peroxisomes
B)   desmosomes
C)   gap junctions
D)   extracellular matrix
E)   tight junctionsF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 5

What types of proteins are not synthesized in the rough ER?

Accepted Answer

A)   endoplasmic reticulum proteins
B)   extracellular matrix proteins
C)   secreted proteins
D)   mitochondrial proteins
E)   plasma membrane proteinsF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

Accepted Answer

A)   centrosomes
B)   laminin
C)   actin
D)   intermediate filaments
E)   secretory vesiclesF) B) and E)
G) D) and E) A

Question 7

Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)   lysosome
B)   vacuole
C)   mitochondrion
D)   Golgi apparatus
E)   peroxisomeF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells, they can achieve the finest resolution by using

Accepted Answer

A)   a phase-contrast light microscope.
B)   a scanning electron microscope.
C)   a transmission electronic microscope.
D)   a confocal fluorescence microscope.
E)   a super-resolution fluorescence microscope.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

A primary objective of cell fractionation is to

Accepted Answer

A)   view the structure of cell membranes.
B)   sort cells based on their size and weight.
C)   determine the size of various organelles.
D)   separate the major organelles so that their particular functions can be determined.
E)   separate lipid-soluble from water-soluble molecules.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   chloroplast
B)   lysosome
C)   central vacuole
D)   peroxisome
E)   glyoxysomeF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   sites of energy production in cellular respiration
B)   membrane proteins
C)   ribosomes
D)   cytoskeletal structures
E)   cellulose fibers in the cell wallF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following statements correctly describes some aspect of protein secretion from prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prokaryotes are unlikely to be able to secrete proteins because they lack an endomembrane system.
B)   The mechanism of protein secretion in prokaryotes is probably the same as that in eukaryotes.
C)   Proteins that are secreted by prokaryotes are synthesized on ribosomes that are bound to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane.
D)   In prokaryotes, the ribosomes that are used for the synthesis of secreted proteins are located outside of the cell.
E)   Prokaryotes contain large pores in their plasma membrane that permit the movement of proteins out of the cell.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization. A cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to

Accepted Answer

A)   perform amoeboid movement.
B)   form cleavage furrows.
C)   contract muscle fibers.
D)   extend pseudopodia.
E)   move vesicles around the cell.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following contain the 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules?

Accepted Answer

A)   both motile cilia and primary (nonmotile)  cilia
B)   centrioles only
C)   both flagella and motile cilia
D)   both basal bodies and primary (nonmotile)  cilia
E)   both centrioles and basal bodiesF) B) and C)
G) B) and E) C

Question 15

What do the cell walls of plants and the extracellular matrix of animal cells have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are largely composed of phospholipids and glycoproteins.
B)   Their proteins are made by free cytoplasmic ribosomes.
C)   They form rigid structures that provide structural support for cells but limit their expansion.
D)   They limit the passage of small molecules.
E)   They have functional connections with the cytoskeleton inside the cell.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 16

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   lysosome
B)   vacuole
C)   mitochondrion
D)   Golgi apparatus
E)   peroxisomeF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

What is the reason that a modern electron microscope (TEM) can resolve biological images to the subnanometer level, as opposed to tens of nanometers achievable for the best super-resolution light microscope?

Accepted Answer

A)   The focal length of the electron microscope is significantly longer.
B)   Contrast is enhanced by staining with atoms of heavy metal.
C)   Electron beams have much shorter wavelengths than visible light.
D)   The electron microscope has a much greater ratio of image size to real size.
E)   The electron microscope cannot image whole cells at one time.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

What technique would be most appropriate to use to observe the movements of condensed chromosomes during cell division?

Accepted Answer

A)   light microscopy
B)   scanning electron microscopy
C)   transmission electron microscopy
D)   confocal fluorescence microscopy
E)   super-resolution fluorescence microscopyF) A) and D)
G) B) and D) A

Question 19

A biologist wants specifically to examine the surfaces of different types of cells in kidney tubules of small mammals. The cells in question can be distinguished by external shape, size, and 3-D characteristics. Which of the following would be the optimum method for her study?

Accepted Answer

A)   transmission electron microscopy
B)   cell fractionation
C)   light microscopy using stains specific to kidney function
D)   light microscopy of living unstained material
E)   scanning electron microscopyF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is a major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   limitation on the strength and integrity of the plasma membrane as cell size increases
B)   the difference in plasma membranes between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
C)   evolutionary progression in cell size; more primitive cells have smaller sizes
D)   the need for a surface area of sufficient area to support the cell's metabolic needs
E)   rigid cell walls that limit cell size expansionF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Exam 6: A Tour of the Cell

Cyanide binds with at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the trees in this figure groups the domains according to similarities in cellular size and architecture?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in animal cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What types of proteins are not synthesized in the rough ER?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells, they can achieve the finest resolution by using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primary objective of cell fractionation is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes in animal cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements correctly describes some aspect of protein secretion from prokaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization. A cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following contain the 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

What do the cell walls of plants and the extracellular matrix of animal cells have in common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the reason that a modern electron microscope (TEM) can resolve biological images to the subnanometer level, as opposed to tens of nanometers achievable for the best super-resolution light microscope?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What technique would be most appropriate to use to observe the movements of condensed chromosomes during cell division?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A biologist wants specifically to examine the surfaces of different types of cells in kidney tubules of small mammals. The cells in question can be distinguished by external shape, size, and 3-D characteristics. Which of the following would be the optimum method for her study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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