Question 1

The membrane attack stage of the complement cascade involves ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   the cleaving of C3 to yield C3a and C3b
B)   initiation of the cascade
C)   a ring-shaped protein digesting holes in bacterial cell membranes and virus envelopes
D)   C1q binding to surface receptors on a membrane
E)   the production of inﬂammatory cytokinesF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 2

Nonspeci?c chemical defenses include _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   lysozyme
B)   lactic acid and electrolytes of sweat
C)   the skin's acidic pH and fatty acids
D)   stomach hydrochloric acid
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Hematopoiesis is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   migration of white blood cells from the blood out to the tissues
B)   loss of blood due to hemorrhaging
C)   plugging of broken vessels to stop bleeding
D)   production of only red blood cells
E)   production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and plateletsF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following is a chemical used by phagocytes to destroy ingested foreign substances?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen peroxide
B)   Nitric oxide
C)   Lactic acid
D)   Superoxide anion
E)   All of these choices are used.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

A type of monocyte that has long, thin processes to trap pathogens is a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   platelet
B)   dendritic cell
C)   mast cell
D)   eosinophil
E)   macrophageF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

A patient visits your clinic often with recurrent respiratory infections. Based upon their medical history, it appears they have been an active smoker for over 40 years. Select the statement that most accurately re?ects how this information may reveal why the patient is highly susceptible to respiratory pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A)   Smoking decreases the activity of neutrophils.
B)   Smoking directly inhibits B- and T-cell action.
C)   Smoking decreases the formation and effectiveness of complement proteins.
D)   Smoking can paralyze the ciliary escalator.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

You cut your ﬁnger dicing chicken for dinner. Which of the following is not a source of chemicals that stimulate the inﬂammatory response that results from the injury?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antibody-producing plasma cells
B)   Host tissues damaged by the knife
C)   Localized leukocytes
D)   Bacterial cells that infect the woundE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Microbial antagonism is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   suppression of the complement cascade by microbes
B)   prevention of immune responses by the resident microbiota
C)   inhibition of T cell binding to microbes
D)   competition for nutrients, oxygen, and space between the resident microbiota and potential pathogensE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)  is an intricate network throughout the body that comprises ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   connective tissue ﬁbers and phagocytic white blood cells
B)   connective tissue ﬁbers, mast cells, and basophils
C)   connective tissue and monocytes
D)   connective tissue and lymphocytesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced in order to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lysozyme production
B)   Complement production
C)   Interferon production
D)   Inﬂammation
E)   PhagocytosisF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is mismatched in relation to inﬂammation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tumor - cancer
B)   Calor - warmth
C)   Rubor - redness
D)   Dolor - painE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The main function of the mononuclear phagocyte system is to provide ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a connection between tissues and organs
B)   surveillance cells
C)   ﬁltration of extracellular ﬂuid
D)   ﬁltration of bloodE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

What type of molecules act to draw phagocytes to foreign substances?

Accepted Answer

A)   RES
B)   PAMPs
C)   MALTs
D)   IFNs
E)   BALTsF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Plasma cells ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   function in cell-mediated immunity
B)   produce and secrete antibodies
C)   are derived from T lymphocytes
D)   function in blood clottingE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

The alternate complement pathway uses complement proteins C1, C2, and C4.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is incorrect about in?ammation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fever could be bene?cial to inhibiting the pathogen.
B)   In?ammation can last hours to years.
C)   Basophils and mast cells release histamine.
D)   Pyrogens cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.
E)   Serotonin causes smooth muscle contraction.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following represents the correct order of activity in the complement cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)   Membrane attack, initiation, polymerization, and ampliﬁcation
B)   Initiation, ampliﬁcation, polymerization, and membrane attack
C)   Ampliﬁcation, initiation, membrane attack, and polymerization
D)   Polymerization, initiation, membrane attack, and ampliﬁcation
E)   Initiation, membrane attack, polymerization, and ampliﬁcationF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

The leakage of vascular ﬂuid into tissues is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   edema
B)   diapedesis
C)   pus
D)   chemotaxis
E)   vasoactivityF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Endotoxin is an exogenous pyrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Which of the following is incorrect about in?ammation?

Correct Answer
verified

The main function of the mononuclear phagocyte system is to provide ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A type of monocyte that has long, thin processes to trap pathogens is a/an ______.

Correct Answer
verified

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced in order to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Correct Answer
verified

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Correct Answer
verified

Endotoxin is an exogenous pyrogen.

Correct Answer
verified

Plasma cells ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a chemical used by phagocytes to destroy ingested foreign substances?

Correct Answer
verified

The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) is an intricate network throughout the body that comprises ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is mismatched in relation to inﬂammation?

Correct Answer
verified

Hematopoiesis is the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following represents the correct order of activity in the complement cascade?

Correct Answer
verified

Microbial antagonism is the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

You cut your ﬁnger dicing chicken for dinner. Which of the following is not a source of chemicals that stimulate the inﬂammatory response that results from the injury?

Correct Answer
verified

Nonspeci?c chemical defenses include _______.

Correct Answer
verified

The alternate complement pathway uses complement proteins C1, C2, and C4.

Correct Answer
verified

The membrane attack stage of the complement cascade involves ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The leakage of vascular ﬂuid into tissues is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

What type of molecules act to draw phagocytes to foreign substances?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Which of the following is incorrect about in?ammation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main function of the mononuclear phagocyte system is to provide ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A type of monocyte that has long, thin processes to trap pathogens is a/an ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced in order to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endotoxin is an exogenous pyrogen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma cells ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a chemical used by phagocytes to destroy ingested foreign substances?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) is an intricate network throughout the body that comprises ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is mismatched in relation to inﬂammation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hematopoiesis is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following represents the correct order of activity in the complement cascade?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbial antagonism is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You cut your ﬁnger dicing chicken for dinner. Which of the following is not a source of chemicals that stimulate the inﬂammatory response that results from the injury?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nonspeci?c chemical defenses include _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The alternate complement pathway uses complement proteins C1, C2, and C4.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The membrane attack stage of the complement cascade involves ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The leakage of vascular ﬂuid into tissues is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of molecules act to draw phagocytes to foreign substances?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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