Question 1

The adaptive immune response differs from the innate response in that _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   the adaptive immune response targets speciﬁc immunogens and remembers them, mounting an even stronger response on subsequent encounters, whereas the innateResponse is nonspeciﬁc and has no memory
B)   B and T lymphocytes can each target multiple proteins, whereas the innate response targets only a single type of antigen
C)   the adaptive immune response involves physical barriers and nonspeciﬁc processes, whereas the innate immune response relies on the actions of B and T lymphocytes
D)   the innate immune response targets a speciﬁc immunogen and remembers it to mount an even stronger response on subsequent encounters with that immunogen, whereas theE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Destruction of lymphocytes with self-speciﬁcity is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   proliferation
B)   clonal selection
C)   hypersensitivity
D)   clonal deletion
E)   differentiationF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   IgE
B)   IgD
C)   IgA
D)   IgM
E)   IgGF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following is not true of the antigen-independent period of lymphocyte development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lymphocytes with speciﬁcity for self are destroyed.
B)   Mature lymphocytes populate lymphatic organs and encounter antigens.
C)   Many lymphocytes with different speciﬁcities are formed.
D)   Random genetic rearrangements occur to produce different surface protein receptors.
E)   Lymphocytes form from stem cells in the bone marrow.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

An activated TH cell produces _______, which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   interleukin-1
B)   interleukin-2
C)   interleukin-12
D)   antiserum
E)   complementF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

An example of artiﬁcial active immunity would be _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   chickenpox infection, followed by lifelong immunity
B)   giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease
C)   chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox
D)   a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placentaE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Class I MHC genes code for _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells
B)   all HLA antigens
C)   self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes
D)   certain secreted complement componentsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

The secondary response to an antigen is more rapid and robust than the primary response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A foreign molecule that causes a speciﬁc immune response is a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   marker
B)   antibody
C)   hapten
D)   antigen
E)   PAMPF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 10

Lymphocyte maturation involves _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   hormonal signals that initiate development
B)   B cells maturing in bone marrow sites
C)   T cells maturing in the thymus
D)   release of mature lymphocytes to begin migration to various lymphoid organs
E)   All of these choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

You do not really want to get your 3 children vaccinated. Your view is why do it when others around you will get the vaccine and end up protecting you and your children. Which is an accurate statement that your physician may provide to you in response to your challenge to vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A)   This is not a smart choice. If enough people choose not to get vaccinated, the susceptible population grows to a large size, breaking the protective effect of herd immunity.
B)   Your choice is ?ne; your children will never become infected since this is actually the basis of herd immunity.
C)   Your choice is ?ne; maybe you will change your mind when your child goes to college.
D)   This is not a smart choice. You could face potential arrest for not vaccinating your child per the regulations of the U.S. government.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly diversiﬁed from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the _______ region.

Accepted Answer

A)   joining
B)   light
C)   hinge
D)   constant
E)   variableF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine _______, which activates T helper cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   interleukin-1
B)   interleukin-2
C)   histamine
D)   interferonE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   variable regions
B)   epitopes
C)   haptens
D)   antigen binding sitesE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Autoimmune disorders are characterized by immune destruction of self tissues. The underlying basis of these disorders is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   an oversecretion of antibodies from memory B cells
B)   an overproduction of complement
C)   a lack of immune tolerance
D)   lack of an anamnestic responseE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Which immunoglobulin class/es can ?x complement?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgM only
B)   IgG only
C)   IgD only
D)   IgM and IgG
E)   IgE and IgAF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Human B lymphocytes mature in an intestinal region called the bursa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Speciﬁc immunity provides long-lasting protection through the production of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   plasma cells
B)   T helper cells
C)   memory cells
D)   antibodies
E)   phagocytotic cellsF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Clonal selection requires the presence of foreign antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

After secreting antibodies during an immune response, plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Human B lymphocytes mature in an intestinal region called the bursa.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The secondary response to an antigen is more rapid and robust than the primary response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clonal selection requires the presence of foreign antigens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which immunoglobulin class/es can ?x complement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You do not really want to get your 3 children vaccinated. Your view is why do it when others around you will get the vaccine and end up protecting you and your children. Which is an accurate statement that your physician may provide to you in response to your challenge to vaccination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speciﬁc immunity provides long-lasting protection through the production of _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of artiﬁcial active immunity would be _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of the antigen-independent period of lymphocyte development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Destruction of lymphocytes with self-speciﬁcity is called _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lymphocyte maturation involves _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Class I MHC genes code for _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Autoimmune disorders are characterized by immune destruction of self tissues. The underlying basis of these disorders is _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine _______, which activates T helper cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adaptive immune response differs from the innate response in that _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A foreign molecule that causes a speciﬁc immune response is a/an ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After secreting antibodies during an immune response, plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly diversiﬁed from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the _______ region.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An activated TH cell produces _______, which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified