Question 1

The mass number of an atom is the number of

Accepted Answer

A)   protons in the atom.
B)   neutrons in the atom.
C)   protons plus electrons in the atom.
D)   electrons plus neutrons in the atom.
E)   neutrons plus protons in the atom.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cholesterol - a steroid
B)   Alanine - an amino acid
C)   Starch - a polysaccharide
D)   Catalase - an enzyme
E)   Sucrose - a disaccharideF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Why are cyanide compounds lethal to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)   They interfere with protein synthesis.
B)   They interfere with nerve impulses.
C)   They interfere with the production of ATP.
D)   They interfere with muscle contraction.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

To which of the following organic groups does a steroid belong?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbohydrate
B)   Protein
C)   Lipid
D)   Nucleic acid
E)   VitaminF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Starch is the

Accepted Answer

A)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
B)   storage carbohydrate in plants.
C)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
D)   major nutrient for most body cells.
E)   sugar found in RNA.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

A polar covalent bond forms between Atom 1 and Atom 2. The Atom 1 side of the bond is slightly negative, and the Atom 2 side of the bond is slightly positive. Which atom has the higher electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Atom 1
B)   Atom 2
C)   Atom 1 and Atom 2 have equal electronegativity.D) A) and B)
E) All of the above

Question 7

Why is water involved in most metabolic reactions in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)   It can dissolve many chemical compounds.
B)   It can absorb and release heat without changing temperature very much.
C)   It has a high surface tension.
D)   Its bonds are nonpolar.
E)   It is a solute.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Buffer
B)   Conjugate acid
C)   Salt
D)   Conjugate baseE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by ________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrogen
B)   ionic
C)   Van der Waals
D)   peptide
E)   high energyF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Which of these is hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose
B)   K+
C)   Cl-
D)   Water
E)   LipidF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 11

To which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbohydrate
B)   Protein
C)   Lipid
D)   Nucleic acid
E)   VitaminF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phosphorus
B)   Oxygen
C)   Nitrogen
D)   Polar (hydrophilic)  region
E)   Nonpolar (hydrophobic)  regionF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Large carbohydrates are formed from smaller units called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   phosphate groups
B)   monosaccharides
C)   amino acids
D)   steroids
E)   lipidsF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

An enzyme

Accepted Answer

A)   has a two-dimensional shape.
B)   is permanently changed in a chemical reaction.
C)   increases the activation energy needed in a chemical reaction.
D)   is a protein catalyst.
E)   cannot be denatured.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

Accepted Answer

A)   moves in energy surges.
B)   results from random molecular movement.
C)   comes from ionic energy motion.
D)   is elevated by a catalyst.
E)   can be lowered by enzymes.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Sam adjusts solution A to increase its acidity. This means that the

Accepted Answer

A)   solution is closer to neutrality.
B)   pH of the solution has increased.
C)   solution will now accept more protons.
D)   number of hydrogen ions in the solution has decreased.
E)   number of hydrogen ions in the solution has increased.F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of atom is found at "D"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen bond
B)   Water molecule
C)   Oxygen atom
D)   Hydrogen atom
E)   Polar covalent bondF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 18

For most chemical reactions, an increase in temperature will cause the reaction rate to

Accepted Answer

A)   increase.
B)   decrease.
C)   remain unchanged.D) B) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 19

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   glycogen
B)   starch
C)   DNA
D)   RNA
E)   ATPF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

A molecule is

Accepted Answer

A)   a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds.
B)   a positively charged ion.
C)   a negatively charged ion.
D)   a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution.
E)   an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Large carbohydrates are formed from smaller units called ________.

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A polar covalent bond forms between Atom 1 and Atom 2. The Atom 1 side of the bond is slightly negative, and the Atom 2 side of the bond is slightly positive. Which atom has the higher electronegativity?

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To which of the following organic groups does a steroid belong?

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-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "E" represent on the diagram?

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Starch is the

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Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by ________ bonds.

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Which of these is hydrophobic?

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For most chemical reactions, an increase in temperature will cause the reaction rate to

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-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of atom is found at "D"?

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What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+) ?

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Deoxyribose is a sugar found in ________.

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The mass number of an atom is the number of

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Why is water involved in most metabolic reactions in the human body?

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An enzyme

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Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

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Why are cyanide compounds lethal to humans?

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Sam adjusts solution A to increase its acidity. This means that the

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A molecule is

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To which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong?

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The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

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What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H⁺) ?

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