Question 1

The visceral layer of Bowman capsule

Accepted Answer

A)   is part of the filtration membrane.
B)   is called endothelium.
C)   contains podocytes.
D)   Both "is part of the filtration membrane" and "is called endothelium" are correct.
E)   Both "is part of the filtration membrane" and "contains podocytes" are correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

An obstruction in the afferent arteriole would reduce the flow of blood into the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerulus
B)   renal artery
C)   macula densa
D)   efferent arteriole
E)   arcuate arteryF) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)   Loop of Henle
B)   Collecting duct
C)   Renal corpuscle
D)   Proximal convoluted tubule
E)   Distal convoluted tubuleF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that

Accepted Answer

A)   there is a double set of venules.
B)   blood flows from arterioles into venules.
C)   blood flows from venules into arterioles.
D)   each nephron has at least two capillary networks.
E)   the nephron is only associated with the glomerulus.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

When the tubular maximum for a substance is exceeded,

Accepted Answer

A)   more of the substance is reabsorbed.
B)   more of the substance is actively secreted.
C)   less of the substance is filtered in the renal corpuscle.
D)   the excess goes into the blood.
E)   the excess remains in the urine.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure affects renal function by

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing net filtration pressure.
B)   increasing capsular pressure.
C)   increasing glomerular capillary pressure.
D)   increasing blood pressure in the afferent arteriole.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Which of the following are most likely to be actively secreted into the distal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)   K+
B)   Cl−
C)   Bicarbonate ions
D)   Amino acids
E)   Na+F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Urine formation involves

Accepted Answer

A)   filtration of the plasma.
B)   reabsorption from the filtrate.
C)   secretion into the filtrate.
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Distal convoluted tubule
B)   Collecting duct
C)   Loop of Henle
D)   Vasa recta
E)   Proximal convoluted tubuleF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

A 15% increase in blood pressure would result in which of the following changes in ADH secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased secretion
B)   Decreased secretion
C)   No change in secretionD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 11

The countercurrent multiplier system

Accepted Answer

A)   is found in the collecting duct.
B)   is assisted by hormones.
C)   has fluid flowing in parallel tubes in opposite directions.
D)   maintains the solute concentration of the medullary interstitial fluid.
E)   Both "has fluid flowing in parallel tubes in opposite directions" and "maintains the solute concentration of the medullary interstitial fluid" is correct.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when

Accepted Answer

A)   colloid osmotic pressure increases.
B)   ADH production increases.
C)   plasma osmolality decreases.
D)   aldosterone production decreases.
E)   ADH production decreases.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Decreased plasma clearance can indicate ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypertension
B)   renal failure
C)   decreased ADH secretion
D)   decreased aldosterone secretion
E)   normal fluid balanceF) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

What is/are the main excretory organ(s)  of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   Skin
B)   Lungs
C)   Intestines
D)   KidneysE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Renal blood flow per minute can be calculated if you know the clearance calculation for ________ as well as the person's hematocrit.

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH
B)   PAH
C)   insulin
D)   aldosterone
E)   glucoseF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

When ADH binds to receptor sites on distal convoluted tubule cells,

Accepted Answer

A)   filtrate volume increases.
B)   filtrate osmolality decreases.
C)   K+ is secreted from the cells.
D)   the distal convoluted tubule is less permeable to water.
E)   the distal convoluted tubule is more permeable to water.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

The ability of the kidney to concentrate urine depends on

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule reabsorption.
B)   a high medullary concentration gradient.
C)   osmosis.
D)   rapid removal of filtrate.
E)   a low medullary concentration gradient.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in

Accepted Answer

A)   increased thirst.
B)   increased urine output.
C)   increased blood pressure.
D)   increased osmolality of the extracellular fluid.
E)   decreased urine output.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

The renal corpuscle consists of

Accepted Answer

A)   the renal pelvis and the renal tubules.
B)   the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
C)   Bowman's capsule and the renal pelvis.
D)   the proximal convoluted tubule and the glomerulus.
E)   afferent and efferent arteriole.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

The kidney is protected from mechanical shock by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the hilum
B)   renal fascia
C)   adipose tissue
D)   renal capsule
E)   renal cortexF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 26: Urinary System

The renal corpuscle consists of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of the kidney to concentrate urine depends on

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Renal blood flow per minute can be calculated if you know the clearance calculation for ________ as well as the person's hematocrit.

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Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the tubular maximum for a substance is exceeded,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When ADH binds to receptor sites on distal convoluted tubule cells,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 15% increase in blood pressure would result in which of the following changes in ADH secretion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An obstruction in the afferent arteriole would reduce the flow of blood into the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The countercurrent multiplier system

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are most likely to be actively secreted into the distal convoluted tubule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine formation involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidney is protected from mechanical shock by ________.

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Decreased plasma clearance can indicate ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The visceral layer of Bowman capsule

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that

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The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure affects renal function by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is/are the main excretory organ(s) of the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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