Question 1

Gene expression involves two phases, ___________ and translation.

Accepted Answer

A)  replication
B)  transcription
C)  initiation
D)  condensationE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Which molecule combines with proteins to form both the large and small ribosomal subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  RNA polymerase
C)  miRNA
D)  rRNAE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Both DNA and RNA are made up of building blocks known as

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotides.
B)  nucleic acids.
C)  amino acids.
D)  genes.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

To begin transcription, RNA polymerase must bind to a segment of DNA called the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation site
B)  primer
C)  inducer
D)  promoterE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule is called the ________ code.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein
B)  ribosomal
C)  translation
D)  geneticE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

During translation, uncharged tRNA molecules leave the ribosome from the _________ site.

Accepted Answer

A)  E
B)  P
C)  A
D)  terminationE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The Central Dogma of biology can be stated as

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins →\rightarrow→  RNA →\rightarrow→  DNA.
B)  RNA →\rightarrow→  DNA →\rightarrow→  proteins.
C)  DNA →\rightarrow→  proteins →\rightarrow→  RNA.
D)  DNA →\rightarrow→  RNA →\rightarrow→  proteins. E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

During transcription of mRNA in eukaryotes, some sequences are cut out of the primary transcript and the remaining sequences are joined together.This processing of mRNA is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  termination
B)  translation
C)  splicing
D)  cappingE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Ribosome movement along the mRNA is called

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription.
B)  initiation.
C)  replication.
D)  translocation.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Which base in an anticodon will pair with the base adenine in a codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  thymine
B)  cytosine
C)  guanine
D)  uracilE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

A bacterial cell has a nonsense mutation that prevents it from producing a functional sigma subunit for RNA polymerase.Inability to synthesize a functional sigma subunit would have the most direct effect on

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription initiation.
B)  transcription elongation.
C)  transcription termination.
D)  translation initiation.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

In eukaryotes, pre-mRNA processing may involve all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  removal of exons from the pre-mRNA.
B)  addition of a 5' cap.
C)  addition of a 3' poly-A tail
D)  pre-mRNA splicing by the spliceosome.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

During _______, RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of RNA using DNA as a template.

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA splicing
B)  translation
C)  transcription
D)  gene sequencingE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

During translation, amino acids are carried to the ribosome by

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA.
B)  tRNA.
C)  snRNA.
D)  rRNA.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The location of translation in prokaryotic cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  in the nucleoid.
B)  on ribosomes.
C)  on the plasma membrane.
D)  on mesosomes.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 16

In eukaryotes, translation takes place

Accepted Answer

A)  on the plasma membrane.
B)  inside the nucleus.
C)  on ribosomes.
D)  on the nuclear membrane.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

In eukaryotes, each type of RNA polymerase recognizes a different

Accepted Answer

A)  start codon
B)  stop codon
C)  promoter
D)  release factorE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Although 61 different codons code for amino acids, cells contain fewer than 61 different tRNAs.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because the 5' base on the tRNA anticodon has some flexibility (wobble) ; thus, some tRNA anticodons can pair with more than one mRNA codon.
B)  Although 61 different codons code for amino acids, any given cell contains fewer than 61.
C)  Because the 5' base on the mRNA codon has some flexibility (wobble) ; thus, some mRNA codons can pair with more than one tRNA anticodon.
D)  Because each amino acid is coded for by just one codon.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Messenger RNA molecules contain information that is used to synthesize ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotides
B)  amino acids
C)  polypeptides
D)  fatty acidsE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

DNA affects the traits of an organism by providing the instructions for synthesizing _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins
B)  nucleotides
C)  codons
D)  amino acidsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 15: Genes and How They Work

The Central Dogma of biology can be stated as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule is called the ________ code.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To begin transcription, RNA polymerase must bind to a segment of DNA called the ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During transcription of mRNA in eukaryotes, some sequences are cut out of the primary transcript and the remaining sequences are joined together.This processing of mRNA is called _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In eukaryotes, each type of RNA polymerase recognizes a different

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In eukaryotes, pre-mRNA processing may involve all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bacterial cell has a nonsense mutation that prevents it from producing a functional sigma subunit for RNA polymerase.Inability to synthesize a functional sigma subunit would have the most direct effect on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Messenger RNA molecules contain information that is used to synthesize ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During _______, RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of RNA using DNA as a template.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both DNA and RNA are made up of building blocks known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In eukaryotes, translation takes place

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA affects the traits of an organism by providing the instructions for synthesizing _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although 61 different codons code for amino acids, cells contain fewer than 61 different tRNAs.Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which molecule combines with proteins to form both the large and small ribosomal subunits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribosome movement along the mRNA is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene expression involves two phases, ___________ and translation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During translation, amino acids are carried to the ribosome by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The location of translation in prokaryotic cells is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During translation, uncharged tRNA molecules leave the ribosome from the _________ site.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which base in an anticodon will pair with the base adenine in a codon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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