Question 1

Fixed acid is also called volatile acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Changes in blood osmolarity within capillaries of the hypothalamus are a signal for ADH release. The neurons that are sensitive to these changes in osmolarity are ________.

Accepted Answer

chemorecep...

Question 3

Edema is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   dehydration.
B)   volume depletion.
C)   total volume excess.
D)   fluid sequestration.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Feelings of thirstiness are brought on by

Accepted Answer

A)   increases in salivary secretions and increases in blood osmolarity.
B)   increases in salivary secretions and decreases in blood osmolarity.
C)   decreases in salivary secretions and increases in blood osmolarity.
D)   decreases in salivary secretions and decreases in blood osmolarity.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

When bicarbonate acts as a weak base and accepts a proton, the molecule ________ acid is formed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When bicarbonate acts as a weak base...

Question 6

The thirst center of the brain is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   hippocampus.
B)   hypothalamus.
C)   occipital lobe.
D)   pons.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Elderly individuals generally have a ________ percentage of body fluid and are therefore ________ prone to fluid imbalances.

Accepted Answer

A)   high; more
B)   high; less
C)   low; less
D)   low; moreE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

The bicarbonate buffering system is the most important buffering system in the extracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The development of hypoxia can limit the effectiveness of respiratory compensation for metabolic

Accepted Answer

A)   acidosis.
B)   alkalosis.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 10

In the condition of volume excess, fluid gain involves

Accepted Answer

A)   an increase in osmolarity of body fluid.
B)   a decrease in osmolarity of body fluid.
C)   no change in the osmolarity of body fluid.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 11

If someone in an accident suffered severe burns as well as hemorrhage, they would be at high risk for

Accepted Answer

A)   hypotonic hydration.
B)   volume depletion.
C)   hypotonic dehydration.
D)   volume excess.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Infants have a relatively low residual volume, putting them at risk for ________ to accumulate in the blood, resulting in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   carbonic acid; respiratory acidosis
B)   carbonic acid; metabolic acidosis
C)   bicarbonate; respiratory acidosis
D)   bicarbonate; metabolic acidosisE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

During dehydration, blood plasma becomes hypotonic relative to the body's cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

At which stage of life is the percentage of fluid in the human body highest?

Accepted Answer

A)   Infancy
B)   Childhood
C)   Middle age
D)   Advanced ageE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

If an individual's respiratory rate decreases, then blood CO2 levels

Accepted Answer

A)   rise, blood H+ levels rise, and blood pH rises.
B)   rise, blood H+ levels rise, and blood pH falls.
C)   rise, blood H+ levels fall, and blood pH falls.
D)   fall, blood H+ levels rise, and blood pH rises.
E)   fall, blood H+ levels fall, and blood pH falls.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 16

Most nonelectrolytes are covalently bonded organic molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Runners who drink too much water before a marathon run a risk of water intoxication, also known as

Accepted Answer

A)   diabetes insipidus.
B)   volume excess.
C)   hypotonic hydration.
D)   volume depletion.
E)   hypertonic ascites.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Insensible water loss is an example of facultative water loss.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Volatile acid is eliminated by the respiratory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Angiotensin II, aldosterone, and ADH each help decrease urine output.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 25: Fluid and Electrolytes

Changes in blood osmolarity within capillaries of the hypothalamus are a signal for ADH release. The neurons that are sensitive to these changes in osmolarity are ________.

Correct Answerverifiedchemorecep...View AnswerShow Answer

Elderly individuals generally have a ________ percentage of body fluid and are therefore ________ prone to fluid imbalances.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Volatile acid is eliminated by the respiratory system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When bicarbonate acts as a weak base and accepts a proton, the molecule ________ acid is formed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Angiotensin II, aldosterone, and ADH each help decrease urine output.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If someone in an accident suffered severe burns as well as hemorrhage, they would be at high risk for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bicarbonate buffering system is the most important buffering system in the extracellular fluid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fixed acid is also called volatile acid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The development of hypoxia can limit the effectiveness of respiratory compensation for metabolic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants have a relatively low residual volume, putting them at risk for ________ to accumulate in the blood, resulting in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Runners who drink too much water before a marathon run a risk of water intoxication, also known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At which stage of life is the percentage of fluid in the human body highest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During dehydration, blood plasma becomes hypotonic relative to the body's cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most nonelectrolytes are covalently bonded organic molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thirst center of the brain is located in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insensible water loss is an example of facultative water loss.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Feelings of thirstiness are brought on by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edema is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an individual's respiratory rate decreases, then blood CO2 levels

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the condition of volume excess, fluid gain involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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chemorecep...
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Elderly individuals generally have a percentage of body fluid and are therefore prone to fluid imbalances.

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Infants have a relatively low residual volume, putting them at risk for to accumulate in the blood, resulting in .

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If an individual's respiratory rate decreases, then blood CO₂ levels

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