Question 1

The faster a cheetah can run,the more likely it is to capture its prey.Cheetahs with longer legs are able to run faster than those with shorter legs.Although the existing cheetah population shows a variety of leg lengths,cheetah legs are not continuing to increase in length from one generation to the next.Which of the following is a possible explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The genes that are involved in cheetah leg length do not undergo mutation.
B)   Cheetahs with long legs are reproductively isolated from cheetahs with short legs.
C)   Natural selection does not act on traits involved in predation.
D)   Longer cheetah leg bones are more likely to break.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Two birds with distinct differences in their plumage successfully mate and produce viable,fertile offspring.Using the biological species concept,explain whether these two birds would be defined as a single species.Also address whether you would require more information to make this determination.

Accepted Answer

The biological species concept is based ...

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)   Two species produce zygotes that fail to develop normally and die prior to birth.
B)   Two species have reproductive organs that are physically incompatible.
C)   Breeding occurs at different times of the day for two species in the same area.
D)   Different courtship displays prevent two species from interbreeding.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Genetic adaptations in two closely related species living within the same territory indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)   gene flow is extensive between the two species.
B)   geographic isolation is required for evolution.
C)   allopatric speciation has occurred.
D)   sympatric speciation has occurred.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following organisms would best be identified as a species using the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

A)   a population of mice living on a mountaintop where the nearest population of mice is 50 miles away
B)   a bacteria found living in the human gut with thousands of other bacteria
C)   dinosaurs identified by morphologically similar fossil remains located in a single valley in South America
D)   a rare plant living in a remote location in Peru that reproduces asexuallyE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Sympatric speciation

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs only in plants.
B)   is impossible,because the populations of a species must be isolated from one another for speciation to occur.
C)   is always a result of polyploidy.
D)   occurs when a new species emerges from a population in the absence of a geographical barrier.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

A large population of animals is split in two by a physical barrier.Over time,the genetic makeup of the two resulting populations becomes more and more different until each population becomes a separate species.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   sympatric speciation.
B)   allopatric speciation.
C)   genetic drift.
D)   natural selection.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Bacteria reproduce asexually,so scientists classify them based on

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA sequence similarity and morphology.
B)   reproductive isolation.
C)   the biological species concept.
D)   the idea that they are all strains of the same species.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Gene flow is completely blocked between two populations of a flowering plant for 300 years.One population develops light green leaves,tall spindly stems,and purple flowers.The other population develops dark green leaves,short stems,and white flowers.At the end of the 300 years,people begin planting these flowering plants together in decorative gardens.People quickly realize that these two flowering plants are capable of interbreeding.Did speciation occur during the 300-year separation? Explain your reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Although these two populations diverged ...

Question 10

The rough-skinned newt produces one of the most potent toxins on the planet.Scientists in Oregon have found that as newts evolve to produce a more deadly toxin,their primary predator,the garter snake,evolves ways to resist the toxin.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   ecological trade-offs in the evolution of the newt.
B)   an adaptation of the newt to living in aquatic environments.
C)   reproductive isolation in a population of garter snakes.
D)   coevolution of predator and prey.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

When populations of a species are separated by a physical barrier,thereby becoming geographically isolated and subsequently reproductively isolated from one another,________ speciation can occur.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When populations of a species are separated...

Question 12

Although populations of North American apple maggot flies are not geographically isolated,they appear to be in the process of diverging into two new species.Which of the following could be causing speciation between two populations in the lack of geographic isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)   feeding on two different types of food
B)   producing fertile hybrids
C)   laying their eggs in the same location
D)   increased gene flow between themE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The two squirrel species shown in the figure below arose from the same ancestor.The Kaibab squirrel lives on the north rim of the Grand Canyon and the Abert's squirrel lives on the south rim.Which is the MOST likely explanation for their speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The population of ancestral squirrel occupied only one of the rims of the Grand Canyon.As the population grew,some members of the population crossed the Grand Canyon to form a new population.
B)   The population of the ancestral squirrel was split by the formation of the Grand Canyon.Since the habitats were different on each rim,the populations evolved differently and became reproductively isolated.
C)   When the Grand Canyon formed,competition for food and shelter became fierce.The two species arose through sympatric speciation as some individuals gathered food on the north rim rather than on the south rim.
D)   The ancestral squirrel was actually a hybrid of two squirrel species.When the populations were separated and could no longer mate,the characteristics of the two species became more obvious.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

A lizard learns to avoid predatory birds after being attacked and losing part of its tail to a bird.What is required for this avoidance behavior to be considered an adaptive trait?

Accepted Answer

This trait would need to be an...

Question 15

Of the three species of sea urchins shown,one species is considered allopatric with Echinometra lucunter and the other is considered sympatric with E.lucunter.Name the allopatric species and identify one factor that may have led to speciation between E.lucunter and the allopatric species.Next,name the sympatric species and identify one factor that may have led to speciation between E.lucunter and the sympatric species.

Accepted Answer

The allopatric species,E.vanbrunti,is fo...

Question 16

The three sea urchin species shown below are separated by gametic isolation.Do these species fit the definition of species as defined by the biological species concept? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Yes.These species ar...

Question 17

For two populations to accumulate enough genetic differences to cause speciation,the factors that promote these differences

Accepted Answer

A)   must operate in populations that are not physically separated.
B)   must have a greater effect than does the amount of ongoing gene flow.
C)   need to be combined with the forces of genetic drift.
D)   should include polyploidy.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Before the cultivation of the apple tree,apple maggot flies laid their eggs exclusively on the fruit of Hawthorne trees.As apple orchards became more prominent,apple maggot flies began to lay their eggs on both the fruit of the Hawthorne tree and the fruit of cultivated apple trees.Now,apple maggot flies that live on apple trees mate and lay their eggs at different times of the year than apple maggot flies that live on Hawthorne trees.Is this an example of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Yes; these two fly populations exhibit a postzygotic barrier that prevents hybrid individuals from developing properly.
B)   No; although these two fly populations do not mate in nature,they can be forced to mate in a laboratory because their DNA sequences are still the same.
C)   No; this is an example of speciation rather than reproductive isolation.
D)   Yes; these two fly populations exhibit a behavioral prezygotic barrier that prevents their gametes from encountering each other.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Convergent evolution involves unrelated,or distantly related,organisms developing similar traits.Coevolution is similar to convergent evolution in that coevolution also

Accepted Answer

A)   involves changes in unrelated,or distant,organisms.
B)   often occurs in geographic isolation.
C)   is a process that occurs when food sources change.
D)   leads to similar traits developing in two species.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

The best explanation of the role of coevolution in speciation is that coevolution

Accepted Answer

A)   leads to two species that are perfectly adapted to exist together.
B)   may lead to benefits for both of the species involved.
C)   only occurs in species like corals and sea urchins that live in marine environments.
D)   always benefits one species and harms another species.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 13: Adaptation and Species

Which of the following organisms would best be identified as a species using the biological species concept?

Correct Answer
verified

A large population of animals is split in two by a physical barrier.Over time,the genetic makeup of the two resulting populations becomes more and more different until each population becomes a separate species.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

The two squirrel species shown in the figure below arose from the same ancestor.The Kaibab squirrel lives on the north rim of the Grand Canyon and the Abert's squirrel lives on the south rim.Which is the MOST likely explanation for their speciation?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The allopatric species,E.vanbrunti,is fo...
View Answer

Sympatric speciation

Correct Answer
verified

Genetic adaptations in two closely related species living within the same territory indicates that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Although these two populations diverged ...
View Answer

Convergent evolution involves unrelated,or distantly related,organisms developing similar traits.Coevolution is similar to convergent evolution in that coevolution also

Correct Answer
verified

Bacteria reproduce asexually,so scientists classify them based on

Correct Answer
verified

The best explanation of the role of coevolution in speciation is that coevolution

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Two birds with distinct differences in their plumage successfully mate and produce viable,fertile offspring.Using the biological species concept,explain whether these two birds would be defined as a single species.Also address whether you would require more information to make this determination.

Correct Answer
verified
The biological species concept is based ...
View Answer

The three sea urchin species shown below are separated by gametic isolation.Do these species fit the definition of species as defined by the biological species concept? Why or why not?

Correct Answer
verified
Yes.These species ar...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Although populations of North American apple maggot flies are not geographically isolated,they appear to be in the process of diverging into two new species.Which of the following could be causing speciation between two populations in the lack of geographic isolation?

Correct Answer
verified

The rough-skinned newt produces one of the most potent toxins on the planet.Scientists in Oregon have found that as newts evolve to produce a more deadly toxin,their primary predator,the garter snake,evolves ways to resist the toxin.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

When populations of a species are separated by a physical barrier,thereby becoming geographically isolated and subsequently reproductively isolated from one another,________ speciation can occur.

Correct Answer
verified

A lizard learns to avoid predatory birds after being attacked and losing part of its tail to a bird.What is required for this avoidance behavior to be considered an adaptive trait?

Correct Answer
verified
This trait would need to be an...
View Answer

For two populations to accumulate enough genetic differences to cause speciation,the factors that promote these differences

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Adaptation and Species

Which of the following organisms would best be identified as a species using the biological species concept?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A large population of animals is split in two by a physical barrier.Over time,the genetic makeup of the two resulting populations becomes more and more different until each population becomes a separate species.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two squirrel species shown in the figure below arose from the same ancestor.The Kaibab squirrel lives on the north rim of the Grand Canyon and the Abert's squirrel lives on the south rim.Which is the MOST likely explanation for their speciation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedThe allopatric species,E.vanbrunti,is fo...View AnswerShow Answer

Sympatric speciation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic adaptations in two closely related species living within the same territory indicates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedAlthough these two populations diverged ...View AnswerShow Answer

Convergent evolution involves unrelated,or distantly related,organisms developing similar traits.Coevolution is similar to convergent evolution in that coevolution also

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria reproduce asexually,so scientists classify them based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best explanation of the role of coevolution in speciation is that coevolution

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two birds with distinct differences in their plumage successfully mate and produce viable,fertile offspring.Using the biological species concept,explain whether these two birds would be defined as a single species.Also address whether you would require more information to make this determination.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe biological species concept is based ...View AnswerShow Answer

The three sea urchin species shown below are separated by gametic isolation.Do these species fit the definition of species as defined by the biological species concept? Why or why not?

Correct AnswerverifiedYes.These species ar...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although populations of North American apple maggot flies are not geographically isolated,they appear to be in the process of diverging into two new species.Which of the following could be causing speciation between two populations in the lack of geographic isolation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rough-skinned newt produces one of the most potent toxins on the planet.Scientists in Oregon have found that as newts evolve to produce a more deadly toxin,their primary predator,the garter snake,evolves ways to resist the toxin.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When populations of a species are separated by a physical barrier,thereby becoming geographically isolated and subsequently reproductively isolated from one another,________ speciation can occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A lizard learns to avoid predatory birds after being attacked and losing part of its tail to a bird.What is required for this avoidance behavior to be considered an adaptive trait?

Correct AnswerverifiedThis trait would need to be an...View AnswerShow Answer

For two populations to accumulate enough genetic differences to cause speciation,the factors that promote these differences

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The allopatric species,E.vanbrunti,is fo...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Although these two populations diverged ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The biological species concept is based ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Yes.These species ar...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
This trait would need to be an...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified