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Although moderate Republicans did not champion black equality, southern obstinacy and President Johnson's leniency toward the South forged unity among Republican factions. Rather than accept Johnson's claim that the "work of restoration" was done, Congress challenged his executive power. Discuss Congress's passage of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments. What were the basic tenets of these amendments, and what were the reactions to them?

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Answer would ideally...

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How did moderate Republicans and Republican Radicals differ in 1865?


A) Moderates championed black equality, while Radicals wanted to limit the rights of black Americans.
B) Moderates supported states' rights and limited federal involvement in the economy, while Radicals wanted to expand federal powers.
C) Moderates supported Andrew Johnson's reconstruction plan, while Radicals wanted to write their own.
D) Moderates did not actively support black voting rights and the distribution of confiscated lands to the freedmen, while Radicals did.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Who was disappointed in the Military Reconstruction Act of 1867?


A) Radical Republicans who supported black suffrage
B) Those who believed the law should not provide blacks with their own land
C) Black men who did not own enough property to meet voting requirements
D) Those who advocated the redistribution of southern plantations to ex-slaves

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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The new southern state constitutions mandated by the Reconstruction Acts introduced which of the following reforms?


A) Mandatory education
B) Universal male suffrage
C) Wholesale disfranchisement of ex-rebels
D) The redistribution of property

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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How did southern Democrats appeal to white small farmers in the early 1870s?


A) They convinced poor whites that they paid taxes for blacks.
B) They promised to enlarge the government budget to help their plight.
C) They gave them the confiscated property of Confederate leaders.
D) They promised to raise taxes on blacks and on rich whites.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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What was the significance of pardons granted to rebel soldiers under the terms of Lincoln's Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction?


A) The pardons permitted the rebels to return home with limited currency.
B) The pardons restored property (except slaves) to rebel soldiers.
C) The pardons kept ex-Confederate leaders from returning to political power.
D) The pardons forgave debts incurred during the war.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Who was disappointed in the voting rights provisions in the Fourteenth Amendment?


A) Northern members of the Republican party
B) Advocates of female suffrage
C) Frederick Douglass and other abolitionists
D) Ex-slaves in the South

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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After Ulysses S. Grant, the former Union general, was elected president in 1868, he


A) proved a decisive leader.
B) sought justice for blacks.
C) surrounded himself with skilled politicians.
D) became known for his anticorruption activities.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Match the term with the definition. -Constitutional amendment passed in February 1869 prohibiting states from depriving any citizen of the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." It extended black suffrage nationwide but did not enfranchise women, which disappointed woman suffrage advocates.


A) black codes
B) carpetbagger
C) Civil Rights Act of 1866
D) Compromise of 1877
E) Fifteenth Amendment
F) Fourteenth Amendment
G) Freedmen's Bureau
H) Ku Klux Klan
I) Military Reconstruction Act
J) Redeemers
K) scalawag
L) sharecropping

M) E) and F)
N) D) and I)

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Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1866 extraordinary?


A) It made discrimination in state laws illegal.
B) It declared martial law in the South.
C) It expanded the states' authority to write their own civil rights laws.
D) It prolonged the life of the Freedmen's Bureau.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Match the term with the definition. -A derogatory term that southerners applied to southern white Republicans, who were seen as traitors to the South. Most were yeoman farmers.


A) black codes
B) carpetbagger
C) Civil Rights Act of 1866
D) Compromise of 1877
E) Fifteenth Amendment
F) Fourteenth Amendment
G) Freedmen's Bureau
H) Ku Klux Klan
I) Military Reconstruction Act
J) Redeemers
K) scalawag
L) sharecropping

M) D) and K)
N) A) and C)

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Match the term with the definition. -Informal pact in which Democrats agreed not to block Rutherford B. Hayes's inauguration and to deal fairly with freedmen. Hayes vowed not to use the army to uphold the remaining Republican regimes in the South and to provide the South with substantial federal subsidies for railroads. The agreement brought Reconstruction to an end.


A) black codes
B) carpetbagger
C) Civil Rights Act of 1866
D) Compromise of 1877
E) Fifteenth Amendment
F) Fourteenth Amendment
G) Freedmen's Bureau
H) Ku Klux Klan
I) Military Reconstruction Act
J) Redeemers
K) scalawag
L) sharecropping

M) C) and H)
N) C) and L)

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By 1872, many Republican leaders had come to believe that which group offered the best hope for honesty, order, and prosperity in the South?


A) Educated African Americans
B) Upcountry yeoman farmers
C) Urban union leaders
D) Traditional white leadership

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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What was the result of the election of 1874?


A) Republicans maintained slight majorities in both houses of Congress.
B) Democrats won a majority in Congress and took most state governorships.
C) Democrats gained control of the House of Representatives.
D) Democrats won a majority of seats in the Senate.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Match the term with the definition. -Southerners' pejorative term for a northern migrant who sought opportunity in the South after the Civil War. Northern migrants formed an important part of the southern Republican party.


A) black codes
B) carpetbagger
C) Civil Rights Act of 1866
D) Compromise of 1877
E) Fifteenth Amendment
F) Fourteenth Amendment
G) Freedmen's Bureau
H) Ku Klux Klan
I) Military Reconstruction Act
J) Redeemers
K) scalawag
L) sharecropping

M) B) and E)
N) B) and K)

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In Lincoln's plan for reconstruction, what did a Confederate state need to do to qualify for readmission into the Union?


A) The state legislature had to guarantee the right to vote to all former slaves.
B) Fifty percent of the voting population needed to pledge allegiance to the United States before forming a new government.
C) Ten percent of the voting population needed to take an oath of allegiance before forming a new government.
D) High-ranking Confederate officials had to renounce their allegiance to the government in Richmond.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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What was the goal of the Wade-Davis bill?


A) To guarantee freedmen equal protection before the law
B) To confiscate the property of ex-Confederates
C) To force three-fourths of voters in a former rebel state to take a loyalty oath
D) To grant forty acres and a mule to every male ex-slave

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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List differences in the perspectives of moderate Republicans and the Republican Radicals in Congress during the mid- to- late 1860s.

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Moderate Republicans in Congress primari...

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What was the result of the impeachment trial of President Johnson?


A) The Court found him guilty of violating the Tenure of Office Act.
B) He was found guilty of the misuse and abuse of constitutional powers.
C) He no longer interfered in Reconstruction.
D) A not guilty verdict made him more powerful than ever.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Why did many slaves flee the biracial Methodist church soon after emancipation?


A) They disagreed with its theological teachings.
B) They wanted religious autonomy.
C) The Methodist Church rejected the newly freed blacks.
D) They associated Christianity with slavery and therefore abandoned it.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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