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During the 1880s, the Knights of Labor advocated for


A) overtime pay, paid sick days, and paid vacations.
B) social revolution and workers' ownership of the means of production.
C) public ownership of the railroads, an income tax, and equal pay for women.
D) shorter hours for children and women who worked outside of their homes.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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The advent of the adding machine, typewriter, and cash register had the greatest impact on


A) literate white men.
B) literate white women.
C) immigrants who gained skills on the shop floor.
D) illiterate women who wanted to learn new skills.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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What late-nineteenth-century development did New York City's Brooklyn Bridge symbolize?


A) A developing labor shortage
B) The rapid decline of immigration to the United States
C) The ascendancy of urban America
D) America's frontier spirit

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Southern blacks migrated to northern cities in the 1890s


A) to avoid conflict with migrant Mexican farmworkers.
B) to join the Socialist Democratic party.
C) for economic opportunities and safety.
D) for religious reasons.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following describes the majority of immigrants' lifestyles in the United States after 1900?


A) They lived in cities because jobs were available there and because they did not have the money to buy land.
B) The majority had left overcrowded conditions in their homeland to settle in America's farmlands.
C) They had come to America to escape harsh economic conditions in Germany and Ireland.
D) They lived in temporary housing in the United States and soon returned to their homes.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Match the term with the definition. -The first mass organization of America's working class. Founded in 1869, it attempted to bridge the boundaries of ethnicity, gender, ideology, race, and occupation to build a "universal brotherhood" of all workers.


A) American Federation of Labor (AFL)
B) bossism
C) cult of domesticity
D) Ellis Island
E) family economy
F) global migration
G) Great Railroad Strike
H) Haymarket bombing
I) Knights of Labor
J) sweatshop
K) "typewriters"
L) World's Columbian Exposition

M) C) and L)
N) F) and I)

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What did Jacob Riis achieve with his best-selling How the Other Half Lives (1890) ?


A) He produced the first internationally recognized American novel.
B) He empowered the occupants of New York City's Lower East Side tenements.
C) He forced middle-class Americans to acknowledge the degraded reality of the poor.
D) He convinced established immigrant groups that new immigrants deserved respect.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Match the term with the definition. -World's fair held in Chicago in 1893 that attracted millions of visitors. The elaborately designed pavilions of the "White City" included exhibits of technological innovation and of cultural exoticism and embodied an urban ideal that contrasted with the realities of Chicago life.


A) American Federation of Labor (AFL)
B) bossism
C) cult of domesticity
D) Ellis Island
E) family economy
F) global migration
G) Great Railroad Strike
H) Haymarket bombing
I) Knights of Labor
J) sweatshop
K) "typewriters"
L) World's Columbian Exposition

M) G) and K)
N) H) and L)

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How did ideas about race and racism shape the status and treatment of different ethnic groups in nineteenth-century America?

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Answer would ideally include:
Native-bor...

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Which of the following developments changed the U.S. garment industry in the 1850s?


A) Independent tailors were replaced by sweatshop workers.
B) The supply of cheap labor dried up.
C) Women became the dominant force in its labor unions.
D) Foreign countries began to manufacture most of the world's clothing.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Discuss the impact of urbanization and industrialization on patterns of leisure in America during the nineteenth century. How were these changes related to the growing division among classes?

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Answer would ideally include:
General Ch...

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According to Map 19.2: The Impact of Immigration, to 1910, which of the following states had the highest percentage of immigrant inhabitants? According to Map 19.2: The Impact of Immigration, to 1910, which of the following states had the highest percentage of immigrant inhabitants?   A)  Michigan B)  South Dakota C)  Missouri D)  Oregon


A) Michigan
B) South Dakota
C) Missouri
D) Oregon

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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In the late nineteenth century, some established immigrant groups viewed more recent immigrants as


A) not being a part of the white race.
B) being more dependent on government aid.
C) having an easy time assimilating to life in the United States.
D) being too critical of the United States.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Most native-born white women who worked at the end of the nineteenth century held


A) factory production jobs.
B) jobs doing piecework in their homes.
C) clerical jobs in offices.
D) clerk jobs in department stores.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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How did most new women immigrants come to the United States in the late-nineteenth century?


A) As wives, mothers, or daughters
B) As single, unskilled wage laborers
C) As single, skilled workers
D) As part of educated, well-off families

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Match the term with the definition. -Organization created by Samuel Gompers in 1886 that coordinated the activities of craft unions throughout the United States. It worked to achieve immediate benefits for skilled workers.


A) American Federation of Labor (AFL)
B) bossism
C) cult of domesticity
D) Ellis Island
E) family economy
F) global migration
G) Great Railroad Strike
H) Haymarket bombing
I) Knights of Labor
J) sweatshop
K) "typewriters"
L) World's Columbian Exposition

M) G) and J)
N) A) and E)

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Employers sought to limit the control of skilled workers on the shop floor in the late nineteenth century


A) through the use of violence and intimidation.
B) by replacing people with machines.
C) by forbidding shop-floor workers from talking during the workday.
D) through hiring factory foremen to supervise every aspect of production.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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The direction of corporate goals and policies in the late nineteenth century was increasingly shaped by


A) market forces.
B) workers' demands.
C) stockholders and financiers.
D) managers and executives.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which group constituted the backbone of the American labor force throughout the nineteenth century?


A) Skilled laborers
B) Factory laborers
C) Common laborers
D) Sweatshop laborers

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Which statement describes the immigrant experience in late-nineteenth-century American cities?


A) Irish and Swedish immigrants were prohibited from obtaining secondary school educations.
B) Jews were involuntarily confined to ghettos.
C) Polish and German workers were excluded from the burgeoning labor union movement.
D) Asian immigrants on the West Coast were made economic scapegoats.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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