Question 1

Which of the following can distort eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

A)   suggestive questions
B)   an eyewitness's own retelling of events
C)   police officers' response to witness statements
D)   all of the aboveE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Which of the following statements is TRUE of eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eyewitnesses are often more correct than confident.
B)   Confident eyewitnesses are less accurate when making identifications soon after the event.
C)   A confident witness is not necessarily an accurate witness.
D)   Eyewitnesses who pay attention to details are most likely to pay attention to the culprit's face.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following factors has been shown to influence either the likelihood of conviction or the severity of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)   status
B)   attractiveness
C)   similarity to the jurors
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Research suggests that jury deliberations can be influenced by all of the following processes EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   group polarization.
B)   minority influence.
C)   deindividuation.
D)   informational influence.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

All of the following are good procedures to follow when dealing with the lineup process EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   making the witness give a "yes" or "no" judgment in response to a sequence of suspects.
B)   letting the witness view suspects one at a time.
C)   using questions that are spontaneous, not scripted.
D)   prohibiting any confidence-inflating post-lineup comments.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Explain the misinformation effect and its implications for eyewitness testimony.

Accepted Answer

The misinformation effect refers to the ...

Question 7

A prosecuting attorney learns that a crucial eyewitness to a grocery store robbery correctly remembers trivial details of the crime scene. If the prosecutor hopes to convince the jury that the eyewitness is credible, research suggests

Accepted Answer

A)   he should make the jury aware of the witness's ability to remember trivial details.
B)   he should deliberately avoid making the jury aware of the witness's ability to remember trivial details.
C)   it will make no difference whether the jury knows that the witness can remember trivial details.
D)   he should make the jury aware of the witness's ability to remember trivial details only if the jury is composed of all males.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following can result in an eyewitness gaining confidence?

Accepted Answer

A)   being the only person who saw the event
B)   being asked the same question repeatedly
C)   testifying against a person whose race is different from his or her own
D)   disliking the defendantE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Summarize the evidence regarding the persuasiveness of eyewitness testimony.

Accepted Answer

Eyewitness testimony has long been consi...

Question 10

In 1986, the U.S. Supreme Court, in a split decision,

Accepted Answer

A)   ruled that death-qualified jurors are a biased sample.
B)   overturned a lower court ruling that death-qualified jurors are a biased sample.
C)   ruled that Georgia's five-member juries were as reliable and accurate as twelve-member juries.
D)   overturned a lower court decision that six-member juries could decide cases involving the death penalty.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Loftus (1979)  found that when an eyewitness who had testified against the defendant in a hypothetical robbery-murder case was discredited because of having poor vision

Accepted Answer

A)   about half the jurors switched their votes from guilty to innocent.
B)   the majority of jurors still voted for conviction.
C)   jurors regarded the eyewitness testimony as useless and it had no impact on their verdict.
D)   a boomerang effect occurred with all the jurors changing their votes in favor of an acquittal.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true of death penalty?

Accepted Answer

A)   States with the death penalty have lower homicide rates.
B)   Homicide rates drop when states initiate the death penalty.
C)   When committing a crime of passion, most people pause to calculate the consequences.
D)   The death penalty is applied consistently in all states.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Researchers and jurors are most likely to disagree on which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

A)   An eyewitness's testimony about an event cannot be affected by how the questions about the event are worded.
B)   Police instructions can affect an eyewitness's willingness to make an identification.
C)   An eyewitness's perception and memory of an event may be impacted by his/her expectations.
D)   Eye witnesses are more accurate when identifying members of their own race than members of other races.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Research suggests that minorities are most likely to sway the majority when the minority

Accepted Answer

A)   favors conviction.
B)   favors acquittal.
C)   is composed of women.
D)   is composed of Whites.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Research shows that when a judge rules evidence to be inadmissible and admonishes the jury to ignore it,

Accepted Answer

A)   jurors are generally able to follow the judge's instructions.
B)   jurors have a hard time ignoring the evidence and its influence on their deliberations.
C)   jurors do so if the evidence damages the defendant's case but not if it hurts the prosecution's case.
D)   the evidence typically becomes the focus of debate in jury deliberations.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Research suggests that jurors in the minority will be most persuasive when they are all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   consistent.
B)   self-confident.
C)   persistent.
D)   well-educated.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following statements about eyewitness testimony is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Studies have confirmed that eyewitnesses often are more confident than correct.
B)   Confident witnesses are more believable to jurors than those lacking confidence.
C)   Younger eyewitnesses tend to be more accurate than older eyewitnesses.
D)   Criminal cases lacking eyewitness testimony are more likely to produce convictions.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Research on the memories of young children indicates that they

Accepted Answer

A)   are better at remembering verbal details than visual details.
B)   can reliably separate real from false memories.
C)   are especially susceptible to misinformation.
D)   do not react to misinformation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true about eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jurors find confident eyewitnesses the least believable though they are often correct.
B)   Eyewitnesses who remember many details are more accurate than those who don't.
C)   Jurors are relatively skilled in distinguishing between accurate and inaccurate eyewitnesses.
D)   The majority of convicted individuals later exonerated were victims of mistaken eyewitnesses.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

How does the physical attractiveness of the defendant play a role in juror judgments?

Accepted Answer

The physical attractiveness of the defen...

Exam 15: Psychological Disorders

Loftus (1979) found that when an eyewitness who had testified against the defendant in a hypothetical robbery-murder case was discredited because of having poor vision

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research shows that when a judge rules evidence to be inadmissible and admonishes the jury to ignore it,

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Which of the following factors has been shown to influence either the likelihood of conviction or the severity of punishment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are good procedures to follow when dealing with the lineup process EXCEPT

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Which of the following statements is true about eyewitness testimony?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the memories of young children indicates that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about eyewitness testimony is FALSE?

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Research suggests that minorities are most likely to sway the majority when the minority

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Summarize the evidence regarding the persuasiveness of eyewitness testimony.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIEyewitness testimony has long been consi...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE of eyewitness testimony?

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Explain the misinformation effect and its implications for eyewitness testimony.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe misinformation effect refers to the ...View AnswerShow Answer

How does the physical attractiveness of the defendant play a role in juror judgments?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe physical attractiveness of the defen...View AnswerShow Answer

Researchers and jurors are most likely to disagree on which of the following issues?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A prosecuting attorney learns that a crucial eyewitness to a grocery store robbery correctly remembers trivial details of the crime scene. If the prosecutor hopes to convince the jury that the eyewitness is credible, research suggests

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research suggests that jury deliberations can be influenced by all of the following processes EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research suggests that jurors in the minority will be most persuasive when they are all of the following EXCEPT

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In 1986, the U.S. Supreme Court, in a split decision,

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Which of the following can result in an eyewitness gaining confidence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can distort eyewitness testimony?

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Which of the following statements is true of death penalty?

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Eyewitness testimony has long been consi...
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The misinformation effect refers to the ...
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The physical attractiveness of the defen...
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