Question 1

Which one of the following is an indicator that can suggest accuracy in lineup identification?

Accepted Answer

A)  being an older eyewitness
B)  taking a long time to make an identification
C)  being very confident about an identification
D)  making a very quick identificationE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Jurors are best persuaded when:

Accepted Answer

A)  allowed to summarize evidence on their own and create their own stories of the events.
B)  attorneys present evidence in a narrative fashion.
C)  viewing live versus videotaped witnesses.
D)  they have heard about the case before they became jurors.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is recommended for increasing eyewitness accuracy and lineups?

Accepted Answer

A)  The detective should ask a series of yes or no questions rather than letting eyewitnesses offer unprompted recollections.
B)  Have eyewitnesses judge each suspect individually,indicating yes or no to each one.
C)  Ask eyewitnesses to carefully describe the suspect verbally before asking them to make a lineup choice.
D)  Provide eyewitnesses with immediate feedback about the accuracy of their choices.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Group judgments surpass those made by individuals because groups:

Accepted Answer

A)  are less likely to include a community's diversity.
B)  recall information from a trial better than individuals.
C)  are more likely to be attentive to their own prejudgments.
D)  give less time to deliberation.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D) B

Question 5

Researchers have found that eyewitnesses' accuracy when making identifications can improve when:

Accepted Answer

A)  interrogators delay the identification procedure by at least one week.
B)  the witnesses scan a group of mug shots or a composite drawing before reviewing a lineup.
C)  the witnesses are presented with a sequence of individual people,one by one,instead of being presented with a group of photos or a lineup.
D)  interrogators explain the seriousness of the crime that is committed and allow the witnesses to be part of the complete investigation process.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of retelling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retelling events accurately makes people less resistant to the misinformation effect.
B)  Rehearsing answers before taking the witness stand decreases the confidence of those who are wrong.
C)  Retelling events commits people to their recollections,accurate or not.
D)  Retelling has no effect on memory.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Jurors find it difficult to erase the impact of inadmissible evidence:

Accepted Answer

A)  when it is a criminal trial as opposed to a civil trial.
B)  when the inadmissible evidence is presented by the defense as opposed to the prosecution.
C)  when the inadmissible evidence is an emotionally provocative description of a defendant's record.
D)  when a witness,as opposed to a trial lawyer,blurts out the inadmissible evidence.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Support for capital punishment in the United States has ________ since 1994.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced
B)  increased slightly
C)  remained stable
D)  increased significantlyE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Which is NOT true in relation to jurors in court?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jurors are best persuaded when attorneys present evidence as a story of what happened.
B)  Many jurors don't understand the standard legalese of judicial instructions.
C)  Understanding how jurors misconstrue judicial instructions is the first step toward better decisions.
D)  Premature opinions formed by jurors won't influence how they interpret information later.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above D

Question 10

Ellsworth and Mauro (1998) reported that gender seems to be linked with verdicts only in:

Accepted Answer

A)  racially charged cases.
B)  rape and battered woman cases.
C)  personal injury awards in suits against businesses.
D)  murder cases.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

In an experiment conducted with BBC Television,Richard Wiseman (1998) reported that viewers saw the defendant played by either an attractive or an unattractive actor.How did the viewers react?

Accepted Answer

A)  More viewers "convicted" the attractive defendant.
B)  More viewers "convicted" the unattractive defendant.
C)  There was no difference in the conviction rates of the attractive and unattractive defendants.
D)  Baby-faced defendants were more often found guilty.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following can distort eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

A)  suggestive questions
B)  an eyewitness's own retelling of events
C)  police officers' response to witness statements
D)  All of the answers are correct.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of group influences affecting jurors?

Accepted Answer

A)  When evidence is not highly incriminating,deliberating jurors become more lenient.
B)  A minority that favors a guilty verdict stands a better chance of prevailing than one that favors acquittal.
C)  Due to the nature of jury deliberation,group polarization is highly unlikely.
D)  Individuals tend to recall trial information better than the overall jury does.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Research indicates that six-member juries:

Accepted Answer

A)  are more likely to have hung verdicts.
B)  are able to recall trial testimony more accurately.
C)  are less likely to include a community's diversity.
D)  are less inclined to pass strong judgments.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

While ________ percent of experts on eyewitness testimony agree that an eyewitness's confidence can be influenced by factors that are unrelated to identification accuracy,________ percent of jurors also agreed.

Accepted Answer

A)  98;85
B)  95;50
C)  87;38
D)  84;60E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

Misinformation-induced false memories lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)  compliant confessions.
B)  a lack of subjective data.
C)  false confessions.
D)  a lack of evidence.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Young children's susceptibility to the misinformation effect raises the distinct possibility that:

Accepted Answer

A)  some people have been falsely accused in sex abuse cases.
B)  many educators overestimate the competence of their students.
C)  children forget that they were physically abused.
D)  many children are simply unable to experience empathy for dissimilar others.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Studies have identified the post-identification feedback effect and suggest that in order to avoid it:

Accepted Answer

A)  witnesses should look for confirmation from interrogators.
B)  witnesses should not be permitted to communicate with the interrogators.
C)  interrogators should confirm which person is the suspect.
D)  interrogators should be kept ignorant of who is the suspect.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

A prosecuting attorney learns that a crucial eyewitness to a grocery store robbery correctly remembers trivial details of the crime scene.If the prosecutor hopes to convince the jury that the eyewitness is credible,research suggests that the prosecutor should:

Accepted Answer

A)  make the jury aware of the witness's ability to remember trivial details.
B)  deliberately avoid making the jury aware of the witness's ability to remember trivial details.
C)  deliberately avoid using the trivial details as evidence.
D)  make the jury aware of the witness's ability to remember trivial details only if the witness is of a high-status.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of death penalty and homicide rates?

Accepted Answer

A)  States with the death penalty have lower homicide rates.
B)  States with the death penalty do not have lower homicide rates.
C)  Homicide rates increase when states abolish the death penalty.
D)  Homicide rates drop when states initiate the death penalty.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Exam 15: Social Psychology in Court

Which one of the following is an indicator that can suggest accuracy in lineup identification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jurors are best persuaded when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is recommended for increasing eyewitness accuracy and lineups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Group judgments surpass those made by individuals because groups:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Researchers have found that eyewitnesses' accuracy when making identifications can improve when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of retelling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jurors find it difficult to erase the impact of inadmissible evidence:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Support for capital punishment in the United States has ________ since 1994.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT true in relation to jurors in court?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Ellsworth and Mauro (1998) reported that gender seems to be linked with verdicts only in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an experiment conducted with BBC Television,Richard Wiseman (1998) reported that viewers saw the defendant played by either an attractive or an unattractive actor.How did the viewers react?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can distort eyewitness testimony?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of group influences affecting jurors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that six-member juries:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While ________ percent of experts on eyewitness testimony agree that an eyewitness's confidence can be influenced by factors that are unrelated to identification accuracy,________ percent of jurors also agreed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Misinformation-induced false memories lead to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Young children's susceptibility to the misinformation effect raises the distinct possibility that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies have identified the post-identification feedback effect and suggest that in order to avoid it:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A prosecuting attorney learns that a crucial eyewitness to a grocery store robbery correctly remembers trivial details of the crime scene.If the prosecutor hopes to convince the jury that the eyewitness is credible,research suggests that the prosecutor should:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of death penalty and homicide rates?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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B

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D

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While percent of experts on eyewitness testimony agree that an eyewitness's confidence can be influenced by factors that are unrelated to identification accuracy, percent of jurors also agreed.

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B