Question 1

In attribution, the tendency to take credit for success and to avoid responsibility for failure is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   attribution style
B)   fundamental attribution error
C)   self-serving bias
D)   success-failure ratioE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

In Weiner's attribution theory, ability and effort are _____ characteristics, and task difficulty and luck are _____ factors.

Accepted Answer

A)   internal; external
B)   stability; controllability
C)   unstable; stable
D)   situational; dispositionalE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

In Weiner's attribution theory, ability and luck are _____ factors, and task difficulty and effort are _____ factors.

Accepted Answer

A)   external; internal
B)   locus; stability
C)   situational; dispositional
D)   uncontrollable; controllableE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

If another student drops his books, we perceive him to be clumsy, but if we drop our books, we perceive something in the environment caused us to do so. This is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   self-serving bias
B)   locus of control effect
C)   actor-observer bias
D)   false consensus hypothesisE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

According to Weiner, which factor is NOT important in our interpretation of an achievement-related event?

Accepted Answer

A)   ability
B)   effort
C)   luck
D)   intentionE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

If we observe someone donating to a charity during the holiday season, we probably assume she is a generous person. This is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   false consensus hypothesis
B)   actor-observer bias
C)   self-serving bias
D)   locus of control effectE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

The tendency to attribute behavior to stable, internal characteristics has been called:

Accepted Answer

A)   situational attribution
B)   fundamental attributional error
C)   personal preference thinking
D)   naïve psychologyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

In Kelley's covariation attribution theory, behaviors low in distinctiveness tend more to lead to _____ attribution.

Accepted Answer

A)   situational
B)   conformity
C)   external
D)   dispositionalE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Weiner found that we perceive that we have expended more effort on a task when:

Accepted Answer

A)   we have extra time to reflect
B)   the task is very difficult
C)   we are frustrated
D)   we are successfulE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to stable, internal characteristics and underestimate the influence of situational factors, is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   locus of control hypothesis
B)   self-serving bias
C)   fundamental attribution error
D)   false consensus effectE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is not one of Weiner's elements that is important relative to attributions applied to achievement motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)   ability
B)   effort
C)   personalism
D)   luckE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Mikulincer, based on his study of the conditions under which learned helplessness or reactance occurs, has found that:

Accepted Answer

A)   only reactance occurs
B)   only learned helplessness occurs
C)   neither reactance nor learned helplessness occurred under the conditions he studied
D)   both reactance and learned helplessness occurred depending upon conditionsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above D

Question 13

Dispositional attributions include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   luck
B)   abilities
C)   intent
D)   exertionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

All of the following principles of attribution have been proposed by Kelly except:

Accepted Answer

A)   covariation
B)   hedonic relevance
C)   distinctiveness
D)   consensusE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

According to Dweck's research on helpless versus mastery oriented individuals:

Accepted Answer

A)   mastery oriented individuals seek learning goals
B)   mastery oriented individuals seek performance goals
C)   helpless individuals seeks learning goals
D)   mastery oriented individuals believe that their intelligence is unchangeableE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a dimension in Kelley's covariation attribution theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   distinctiveness
B)   permanence
C)   consensus
D)   consistencyE) B) and C)
F) A) and B) B

Question 17

Nonconforming (non-normative)  behavior is likely to be attributed to which type of characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)   socially desirable
B)   situational
C)   dispositional
D)   socialE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

In one study, teachers whose students performed well attributed the outcome to their teaching ability and teachers whose students performed poorly attributed the outcome to student inability. This represents the:

Accepted Answer

A)   self-serving bias
B)   attribution style
C)   situational attribution
D)   locus of controlE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the elements in Weiner's theory of an achievement oriented event?

Accepted Answer

A)   age
B)   ability
C)   effort
D)   luckE) A) and B)
F) B) and D) A

Question 20

Which of the following describe the properties of both ability and task difficulty?

Accepted Answer

A)   stable
B)   unstable
C)   internal
D)   externalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 10: Cognitive Motivation: Attribution Approaches

In attribution, the tendency to take credit for success and to avoid responsibility for failure is called the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Weiner's attribution theory, ability and effort are _____ characteristics, and task difficulty and luck are _____ factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Weiner's attribution theory, ability and luck are _____ factors, and task difficulty and effort are _____ factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If another student drops his books, we perceive him to be clumsy, but if we drop our books, we perceive something in the environment caused us to do so. This is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Weiner, which factor is NOT important in our interpretation of an achievement-related event?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we observe someone donating to a charity during the holiday season, we probably assume she is a generous person. This is called the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to attribute behavior to stable, internal characteristics has been called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Kelley's covariation attribution theory, behaviors low in distinctiveness tend more to lead to _____ attribution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Weiner found that we perceive that we have expended more effort on a task when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to stable, internal characteristics and underestimate the influence of situational factors, is called the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not one of Weiner's elements that is important relative to attributions applied to achievement motivation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mikulincer, based on his study of the conditions under which learned helplessness or reactance occurs, has found that:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Dispositional attributions include all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following principles of attribution have been proposed by Kelly except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Dweck's research on helpless versus mastery oriented individuals:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a dimension in Kelley's covariation attribution theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Nonconforming (non-normative) behavior is likely to be attributed to which type of characteristics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In one study, teachers whose students performed well attributed the outcome to their teaching ability and teachers whose students performed poorly attributed the outcome to student inability. This represents the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the elements in Weiner's theory of an achievement oriented event?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following describe the properties of both ability and task difficulty?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In Weiner's attribution theory, ability and effort are _ characteristics, and task difficulty and luck are _ factors.

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In Weiner's attribution theory, ability and luck are _ factors, and task difficulty and effort are _ factors.

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D

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B

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A

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